Data transformations with Python

This is a collection of Python jobs that are supposed to transform data. These jobs are using PySpark to process larger volumes of data and are supposed to run on a Spark cluster (via spark-submit).

Pre-requisites

Please make sure you have the following installed and can run them

• Python (3.9 or later), you can use for example pyenv to manage your python versions locally
• Poetry
• Java (1.8)

Install dependencies

We use batect to dockerise the tasks in this exercise. batect is a lightweight wrapper around Docker that helps to ensure tasks run consistently (across linux, mac windows). With batect, the only dependencies that need to be installed are Docker and Java >=8. Every other dependency is managed inside Docker containers

# Install pre-requisites needed by batect 
# For mac users: 
scripts/go.sh

# For windows/linux users:
# Please ensure Docker and java >=8 is installed 
# TODO: add link for installing java on windows/linux

Run tests

Run unit tests

./batect unit-test

Run integration tests

./batect integration-test

Run style checks

./batect style-checks

This is running the linter and a type checker.

Jobs

There are two applications in this repo: Word Count, and Citibike.

Currently, these exist as skeletons, and have some initial test cases which are defined but ignored. For each application, please un-ignore the tests and implement the missing logic.

Word Count

A NLP model is dependent on a specific input file. This job is supposed to preprocess a given text file to produce this input file for the NLP model (feature engineering). This job will count the occurrences of a word within the given text file (corpus).

There is a dump of the datalake for this under resources/word_count/words.txt with a text file.

Input

Simple *.txt file containing text.

Output

A single *.csv file containing data similar to:

"word","count"
"a","3"
"an","5"
...

Run the job

JOB=jobs/word_count.py ./batect run-job 

Citibike

For analytics purposes the BI department of a bike share company would like to present dashboards, displaying the distance each bike was driven. There is a *.csv file that contains historical data of previous bike rides. This input file needs to be processed in multiple steps. There is a pipeline running these jobs.

There is a dump of the datalake for this under resources/citibike/citibike.csv with historical data.

Ingest

Reads a *.csv file and transforms it to parquet format. The column names will be sanitized (whitespaces replaced).

Input

Historical bike ride *.csv file:

"tripduration","starttime","stoptime","start station id","start station name","start station latitude",...
364,"2017-07-01 00:00:00","2017-07-01 00:06:05",539,"Metropolitan Ave & Bedford Ave",40.71534825,...
...

Output

*.parquet files containing the same content

"tripduration","starttime","stoptime","start_station_id","start_station_name","start_station_latitude",...
364,"2017-07-01 00:00:00","2017-07-01 00:06:05",539,"Metropolitan Ave & Bedford Ave",40.71534825,...
...

Run the job

JOB=jobs/citibike_ingest.py ./batect run-job

Distance calculation

This job takes bike trip information and calculates the "as the crow flies" distance traveled for each trip. It reads the previously ingested data parquet files.

Hint:

• For distance calculation, consider using Harvesine formula as an option.

Input

Historical bike ride *.parquet files

"tripduration",...
364,...
...

Outputs

*.parquet files containing historical data with distance column containing the calculated distance.

"tripduration",...,"distance"
364,...,1.34
...

Run the job

JOB=jobs/citibike_distance_calculation.py ./batect run-job