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# Quality control | ||
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## Overview | ||
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Quality control is a collection of **evaluations** based on sets of **metrics** about the data. | ||
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`QCEvaluation`s should be generated during pipelines: before raw data upload, during processing, and during analysis by researchers. | ||
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Each `QualityControl`, `QCEvaluation`, and `QCMetric` includes a `aind_data_schema.quality_control.State` which is a timestamped object indicating that the Overall QC/Evaluation/Metric passes, fails, or is in a pending state waiting for manual annotation. | ||
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The state of an evaluation is set automatically to the lowest of its metric's states. A single failed metric sets an entire evaluation to fail. While a single pending metric (with all other metrics passing) sets an entire evaluation to pending. An optional setting `QCEvaluation.allow_failed_metrics` allows you to ignore failures, which can be useful in situations where an evaluation is not critical for quality control. | ||
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## Details | ||
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**Q: What is an evaluation?** | ||
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Each `QCEvaluation` should be thought of as a single aspect of the data asset, from one `Modality`, that is evaluated for quality at a specific `Stage` in data acquisition or analysis. For example, the brain moves a small amount during electrophysiology. This evaluation would be marked with `Stage:RAW` and `Modality:ECEPHYS`. Evaluations will often consist of multiple metrics, some of which can be measured and evaluated automatically, as well as qualititative metrics that need to be evaluated by a human observer. | ||
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The state of an evaluation depends on the state of its metrics according to these rules: | ||
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- If any metric fails the evaluation fails (except when `allow_failed_metrics=True`, see below) | ||
- If any metric is pending and the rest pass the evaluation is pending | ||
- If all metrics pass the evaluation passes | ||
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There are many situations where quality control is evaluated on an aspect of the data that isn't critical to the overall experimental goals. For example, you may have a `QCEvaluation` that checks whether the temperature and humidity sensors on the rig were functional, but the overall analysis can proceed with or without the these data. In these situations set `QCEvaluation.allow_failed_metrics=True` to allow the evaluation to pass even if these sensors actually failed. This ensures that the overall `QualityControl` for the data asset can also pass, without regard to these optional elements of the data. | ||
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**Q: What is a metric?** | ||
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Each `QCMetric` is a single value or set of values that can be computed, or observed, about a set of data as part of an evaluation. These can have any type. See the AIND section for special rules for annotating metrics with options. | ||
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`QCMetric`s have a `Status`. The `Status` should depend directly on the `QCMetric.value`, either by a simple function: "value>5", or by a qualitative rule: "Field of view includes visual areas". The `QCMetric.description` field should be used to describe the rule used to set the status. Metrics can be evaluated multiple times, in which case the new status should be appended the `QCMetric.status_history`. | ||
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Metrics should include a `QCMetric.reference`. References are intended to be publicly accessible images, figures, combined figures with multiple panels, or videos that support the metric or provide information necessary for manual annotation of a metric's status. | ||
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**Q: What are the status options for metrics?** | ||
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In our quality control a metric's status is always `PASS`, `PENDING` (waiting for manual annotation), or `FAIL`. `PENDING` should be used when a user must manually annotated the metric's state. | ||
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We enforce this minimal set of states to prevent ambiguity and make it easier to build tools that can interpret the status of a data asset. | ||
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## Details for AIND users | ||
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### Uploading QC | ||
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#### Preferred workflow | ||
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**Metadata** | ||
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If you are building `QCEvaluation` and `QCMetric` objects prior to raw data upload or in a capsule alongside your processing or analysis, your workflow is: | ||
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``` | ||
from aind_data_schema.core.quality_control import QualityControl | ||
# Build your QCEvaluations and metrics | ||
evaluations = [QCEvaluation(), ...] | ||
# Build your QualityControl object | ||
qc = QualityControl(evaluations=evaluations) | ||
qc.write_standard_file() | ||
``` | ||
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The indexer will pick up this file alongside the other metadata files and handle it appropriately. | ||
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**References** | ||
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Each `QCMetric` you build should have an attached reference. Our preference is that you post these images to [FigURL](https://github.com/flatironinstitute/figurl/blob/main/doc/intro.md) and put the generated URL into the reference. | ||
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We recommend that you write PNG files for images and static multi-panel figures, MP4 files for videos, and Altair charts for interactive figures. | ||
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#### Alternate workflows | ||
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**Metadata** | ||
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We'll post documentation on how to append `QCEvaluations` to pre-existing quality_control.json files, via DocDB using the `aind-data-access-api`, in the future. | ||
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**References** | ||
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You can also place the references in the data asset itself, to do this include the relative path "qc_images/your_image.png" to that asset inside of the results folder. | ||
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### QC Portal | ||
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The QC Portal is a browser application that allows users to view and interact with the AIND QC metadata and to annotate ``PENDING`` metrics with qualitative evaluations. The portal is maintained by scientific computing, reach out to us with any questions or concerns. | ||
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The portal works by pulling the metadata object from the Document Database (DocDB). When you make changes to metrics or add notes the **submit** button will be enabled, submitting pushes your updates to the DocDB along with a timestamp and your name. | ||
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**Q: When does the state get set for the QCEvaluation and QualityControl objects?** | ||
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The QC portal automatically calls ``QualityControl.evaluate_status()`` whenever you submit changes to the metrics. This first evaluates the individual `QCEvaluation` objects, and then evaluates the overall status. | ||
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**Q: How do reference URLs get pulled into the QC Portal?** | ||
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Each metric is associated with a reference figure, image, or video. The QC portal can interpret four ways of setting the reference field: | ||
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- Provide a relative path to a file in this data asset's S3 bucket | ||
- Provide a url to a FigURL figure | ||
- Provide the name of one of the interactive plots, e.g. "ecephys-drift-map" | ||
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<!-- There are many situations where it's helpful to be able to "swipe" between two images. If you have two identical images separated by a ';' the portal will allow users to swipe between them. For example, you might show snippets of the raw electrophysiology raster with detected spikes overlaid on the swipe. --> | ||
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**Q: I saw fancy things like dropdowns in the QC Portal, how do I do that?** | ||
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By default the QC portal displays dictionaries as tables where the values can be edited. We also support a few special cases to allow a bit more flexibility or to constrain the actions that manual annotators can take. Install the `aind-qcportal-schema` package and set the `value` field to the corresponding pydantic object to use these. | ||
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### Multi-session QC | ||
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[Details coming soon, this is under discussion] |
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