Useful Debian 12 VM Commands

[tteck]

Select xterm.js under the Console pull down for copy/paste functions

Get SSH Going

passwd root

sed -i -e 's/#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/PermitRootLogin yes/g' -e 's/^PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
ssh-keygen -A
systemctl restart sshd

Resize the Bootdisk (/dev/sda)

Hardware > Hard Disk (scsi0) > Disk Action > Resize

Expand VM Disk using parted (/dev/sda1)

apt-get update
apt-get install -y parted

parted /dev/sda
resizepart 1
Fix/Ignore? Fix
Partition number? 1
Yes/No? Yes
End? [2146MB]? -0
(parted) quit
(reboot if not going further)

Add Guest Agent

apt-get install qemu-guest-agent

Change Hostname (replace "docker-vm" with whatever you want)

hostnamectl set-hostname docker-vm
sed -i '2i127.0.1.1       docker-vm' /etc/hosts

reboot

Install Docker

sh <(curl -sSL https://get.docker.com)

Install Docker Compose

LATEST=$(curl -sL https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest | grep '"tag_name":' | cut -d'"' -f4)
DOCKER_CONFIG=${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker}
mkdir -p $DOCKER_CONFIG/cli-plugins
curl -sSL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$LATEST/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o ~/.docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose
chmod +x $DOCKER_CONFIG/cli-plugins/docker-compose
docker compose version

Add Dockge

• Install Docker Compose first

mkdir -p /opt/{dockge,stacks}
wget -q -O /opt/dockge/compose.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/louislam/dockge/master/compose.yaml
cd /opt/dockge
docker compose up -d

Dockge GUI, https:// IP:5001

Add Portainer

• Docker run

docker volume create portainer_data
docker run -d \
  -p 8000:8000 \
  -p 9443:9443 \
  --name=portainer \
  --restart=always \
  -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
  -v portainer_data:/data \
  portainer/portainer-ce:latest

Portainer GUI, https:// IP:9443

[click0]

passwd root
can be replaced with:
echo -e "MyNewPasswd\nMyNewPasswd" | passwd root
or
echo root:MyNewPasswd| chpasswd

[hollie]

Remember that this leaves the password in plain-text in the ~/.bash_history file on disk.

[di5cord20]

@tteck - as a suggestion, linking to this announcement from the Helper Scripts page directly would make it easier for people to find/leverage (might reduce support questions in the future as well)

[tteck]

Proxmox/vm/debian-vm.sh

Line 423 in 48f5906

echo "More Info at https://github.com/tteck/Proxmox/discussions/1988"

I can do that...done

[nkwsy]

I think that the default size of the debian 12 VM is too small. I am unable to install parted in a 2gb VM

[scriptsandthings]

@nkwsy It works best for me by installing parted prior installing updates or packages.

apt-get update && apt-get install parted -y

Then, once that command is complete and parted is installed, follow the steps to expand the disk.
Once you've expanded the disk, immediately reboot the VM prior to doing any updates or other installations.

I've been updating the hostname, setting the root password, and configuring SSH prior to rebooting as that doesn't take up additional disk space. Def reboot if doing much else though.

[nkwsy]

Yes makes sense now. It might be nice if one could edit the size of the vm in the options. I normally install 'glances' on a new vm but I guess it has 950mb of python dependencies which clogged the system.

I'll make sure to resize right away from now on

[andorardo]

These instructions are extremely helpful!

Question: How can I modify the network settings? (From DHCP to static.)

(I tried a few things but nothing stuck. I searched for docs online, but a lot of them point to /etc/network/interfaces, which is just not how the debian 12 vm image configures the interfaces.)

UPDATE with TL;DR: Debian uses netplan by default. See /etc/netplan/90-default.yaml instead.

[andorardo]

Please see above: editing /etc/network/interfaces does not work.

See @PerkySloth 's answer.

[SysAdmln]

1. Configure IP Address and Default Route

Run the following commands to set the IP address and default gateway:

ip addr add 192.168.1.2 dev ens18
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev ens18

Note: Replace 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.1 with your desired IP address and gateway if necessary.

2. Configure DNS

Add a DNS nameserver to the configuration:

echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" >> /etc/resolv.conf

3. Remove Netplan and Install ifupdown

Remove netplan.io and install ifupdown for network management:

apt purge netplan.io
apt install ifupdown

4. Edit Network Interfaces Configuration

Open and edit the network interfaces configuration file:

nano /etc/network/interfaces

Add the following content to the file:

# Include configurations from /etc/network/interfaces.d/
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# Loopback interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# Static IP configuration for ens18
auto ens18
allow-hotplug ens18
iface ens18 inet static
    address 192.168.1.2/24
    gateway 192.168.1.1

Note: Substitute 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.1 with your desired IP address and gateway.

[andorardo]

apt purge netplan.io && apt install ifupdown edit nano /etc/network/interfaces

Interesting! So basically manually switch from netplan to ifupdown.

Thanks for the tip!

PS: I'm only just realizing that Ubuntu/Debian et al. migrated to netplan years ago 😮

[adrianxx85]

2. Configure DNS

Add a DNS nameserver to the configuration:

echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" >> /etc/resolv.conf

VM lose these after reboot -.-'

[daschmidt1994]

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

then
[main]
dns=8.8.8.8

[Badn1nja]

Another easy way out of re-sizing the disk without parted is found here.. https://serverfault.com/a/994465

On a running system, run fdisk and carefully observe where the partition starts (p). Then remove it (d), and create (n) larger one on its place. Modern fdisk could ask about wiping signatures, if it will, say "no" (this is essential)! Pay special attention on its start, it must begin at exact same sector, but could have larger size. Exit fdisk writing changes (w).

• reboot :) (I had issues with lack of space because I rushed to download some tools.. unable to dl parted! )

[avluis]

With the source image for this install one can use the following set of commands, no need for parted:

growpart /dev/sda 1
resize2fs /dev/sda1

Done (no need for reboot).
Believe this will work for the Ubuntu VM script as well.
In case upstream nukes anything, growpart is part of the cloud-utils-package (apt-get install -y cloud-utils)

[derekslenk]

I wish this worked with CTs :( I created one too small (plex) and can't get the OS to know the disk has been resized, but since it's an LVM it doesn't register any disks, but the LG and PV don't show anything as well.

[tteck]

easy with a container

[derekslenk]

I thought the OS wasn't seeing it...but it was. I am....tired. Yup it was easy :)

[mrubiodev]

Change dhcp to static :
Install net-tools
apt-get install net-tools
look what your adapter is with
ifconfig
create the following file with the name of the adapter

sudo nano /etc/systemd/network/10-<adapter>.network

and write information conection

[Match]
Name=ens18

[Network]
Address=<Address_device>/<subnet>
Gateway=<Address_gategay>
DNS=<Address>

for example

sudo nano /etc/systemd/network/10-eth0.network


[Match]
Name=eth0

[Network]
Address=192.168.1.2/24
Gateway=192.168.1.1
DNS=1.1.1.1

and finaly
sudo systemctl restart systemd-networkd

[mupsje]

for vlan like me ;)

1. Install Required Tools:
   Make sure you have net-tools and systemd-networkd installed (if not already).

Install net-tools
apt-get install net-tools
look what your adapter is with
ifconfig
create the following file with the name of the adapter

nano /etc/systemd/network/10-ens18.network

and write information conection (in my case) vlan15

[Match]
Name=ens18

[Network]
VLAN=vlan15

2. Create VLAN NetDev File:
   Create a .netdev file to define VLAN 15:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/network/vlan15.netdev

Add the following content::

[NetDev]
Name=vlan15
Kind=vlan

[VLAN]
Id=15

3. Create Network Configuration for VLAN 15:
   Create the .network file to configure the VLAN interface with a static IP:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/network/10-vlan15.network

Add the following configuration:

[Match]
Name=vlan15

[Network]
Address=192.168.15.101/24
Gateway=192.168.15.1
DNS=192.168.15.1

4. Restart systemd-networkd:
   Restart the network service to apply the changes:

sudo systemctl restart systemd-networkd

5. Bring Up VLAN Interface:
   Manually bring up the VLAN interface (if not already up):

sudo ip link set vlan15 up

6. Enable systemd-networkd to Start at Boot:
   Run the following command to ensure that systemd-networkd is enabled to start on boot:

sudo systemctl enable systemd-networkd

7. Reboot and Verify:
   Reboot the system to check if the configuration persists:

sudo reboot

After reboot, verify the configuration:

ip addr show vlan15

[renz-dev]

What to do if sed -i -e 's/#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/PermitRootLogin yes/g' -e 's/^PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

return a sed: can't read /etc/ssh/sshd_config: No such file or directory?

[derekslenk]

I needed to install openssh-server first apt-get install openssh-server

[renz-dev]

Yes, I forgot to update what solution I did for this particular issue.

[angelo-karta]

If anyone getting an error
Package openssh-server is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source

try sudo apt-get update first then apt-get install openssh-server

[romka777]

Add Guest Agent

apt-get install qemu-guest-agent
systemctl enable qemu-guest-agent
systemctl start qemu-guest-agent

[derreisende77]

I had to sudo apt install openssh-server before ssh server was available in the VM.

[familie-braun]

Hello. After installing the Debian VM script, I called xterm.js. The console then opens with the message starting serial terminal on interface serial0. No matter what I enter, no command is executed. Can someone please help me?

[saurori]

Worked after hitting "Enter" and it will prompt for localhost login

[ghost]

I couldn't update the installed virtual machine due to Debian using more space on /boot. I edited /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf by changing the MODULES=most to MODULES=dep.

[Lupu5R3x]

I typically doe's this:

VMID=$(pvesh get /cluster/nextid) && bash -c "$(wget -qLO - https://github.com/tteck/Proxmox/raw/main/vm/debian-vm.sh)" && qm disk resize $VMID scsi0 60G in proxmox shell, this auto expands the disk size upon creation.

Then I call this from my internal webserver: "ssh.sh"

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Check if the script is run as root (or using sudo)
if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
  echo "Please run this script as root or using sudo."
  exit 1
fi
# Check if openssh server is installed.
if command -v sshd &> /dev/null; then
    echo "openssh-server is installed."
else
    echo "openssh-server is not installed."
    echo "Installing openssh-server."
    apt-get update && apt-get install -y openssh-server
fi

sed -i -e 's/#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/PermitRootLogin yes/g' -e 's/^PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
ssh-keygen -A
systemctl restart sshd

PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN=$(grep -E '^PermitRootLogin' /etc/ssh/sshd_config)
PASSWORD_AUTH=$(grep -E '^PasswordAuthentication' /etc/ssh/sshd_config)
SSH_STATUS=$(systemctl is-active sshd)

if [[ "$PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN" == "PermitRootLogin yes" ]] && [[ "$PASSWORD_AUTH" == "PasswordAuthentication yes" ]] && [[ "$SSH_STATUS" == "active" ]]; then
    echo "SSH configuration and service validated successfully."
else
    echo "There was an issue applying the SSH configuration changes."
    echo "Current settings:"
    echo "$PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN"
    echo "$PASSWORD_AUTH"
    echo "SSH Service Status: $SSH_STATUS"
    exit 1
fi

echo 'Perfect'

And then I do call this: "expand_disk_size.sh"

#!/bin/bash

# This will check if parted is installed, if not it will install parted
# Then it will update the disk to use all available space.
# This script will only work if, debian is installed using
# the helper scripts from : https://tteck.github.io/Proxmox/#debian-12-vm

# I have only tested the script on Debian 12, installed in proxmox using, the above.

# Check if the script is run as root (or using sudo)
if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
  echo "Please run this script as root or using sudo."
  exit 1
fi

# Check if parted is installed, and install it if not
if ! command -v parted &> /dev/null; then
  echo "parted is not installed. Installing it now..."
  
  # Install parted based on the package manager
  if command -v apt-get &> /dev/null; then
    apt-get update && apt-get install -y parted
  elif command -v yum &> /dev/null; then
    yum install -y parted
  else
    echo "Could not determine package manager. Please install 'parted' manually."
    exit 1
  fi
fi
printf 'fix\n1\nyes\n-0' | parted /dev/sda resizepart 1 ---pretend-input-tty
echo "We need to reboot, for the updates to take place!"
reboot

Finally I do a apt-get install qemu-guest-agent -y && apt-get install -y mc just to wrap things up 😄

But non of the above would be useful with out the cool helper scripts 🥇