community

Community UDFs

This directory contains community contributed user-defined functions to extend BigQuery for more specialized usage patterns. Each UDF within this directory will be automatically synchronized to the bqutil project within the fn dataset for reference in queries.

For example, if you'd like to reference the int function within your query, you can reference it like the following:

SELECT bqutil.fn.int(1.684)

UDFs

• azimuth_to_geog_point
• bignumber_add
• bignumber_avg
• bignumber_div
• bignumber_eq
• bignumber_gt
• bignumber_gte
• bignumber_lt
• bignumber_lte
• bignumber_mul
• bignumber_sub
• bignumber_sum
• chisquare_cdf
• corr_pvalue
• csv_to_struct
• cw_array_compact
• cw_array_distinct
• cw_array_max
• cw_array_median
• cw_array_min
• cw_array_overlap
• cw_array_stable_distinct
• cw_comparable_format_bigint
• cw_comparable_format_bigint_t
• cw_comparable_format_varchar
• cw_comparable_format_varchar_t
• cw_convert_base
• cw_csvld
• cw_disjoint_all_partitions_by_regexp
• cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp
• cw_editdistance
• cw_error_number
• cw_error_severity
• cw_error_state
• cw_find_in_list
• cw_from_base
• cw_getbit
• cw_getbit_binary
• cw_initcap
• cw_instr4
• cw_json_array_contains_bool
• cw_json_array_contains_num
• cw_json_array_contains_str
• cw_json_array_get
• cw_json_array_length
• cw_json_enumerate_array
• cw_lower_case_ascii_only
• cw_map_create
• cw_map_get
• cw_map_parse
• cw_months_between
• cw_next_day
• cw_nvp2json1
• cw_nvp2json3
• cw_nvp2json4
• cw_otranslate
• cw_overlapping_partition_by_regexp
• cw_period_intersection
• cw_period_ldiff
• cw_period_rdiff
• cw_regex_mode
• cw_regexp_extract
• cw_regexp_extract_all
• cw_regexp_extract_all_n
• cw_regexp_extract_n
• cw_regexp_instr_2
• cw_regexp_instr_3
• cw_regexp_instr_4
• cw_regexp_instr_5
• cw_regexp_instr_6
• cw_regexp_instr_generic
• cw_regexp_replace_4
• cw_regexp_replace_5
• cw_regexp_replace_6
• cw_regexp_replace_generic
• cw_regexp_split
• cw_regexp_substr_4
• cw_regexp_substr_5
• cw_regexp_substr_6
• cw_regexp_substr_generic
• cw_round_half_even
• cw_round_half_even_bignumeric
• cw_runtime_parse_interval_seconds
• cw_setbit
• cw_signed_leftshift_128bit
• cw_signed_rightshift_128bit
• cw_split_part_delimstr_idx
• cw_stringify_interval
• cw_strtok
• cw_substrb
• cw_substring_index
• cw_td_normalize_number
• cw_td_nvp
• cw_threegrams
• cw_to_base
• cw_ts_overlap_buckets
• cw_ts_pattern_match
• cw_twograms
• cw_url_decode
• cw_url_encode
• cw_url_extract_authority
• cw_url_extract_file
• cw_url_extract_fragment
• cw_url_extract_host
• cw_url_extract_parameter
• cw_url_extract_path
• cw_url_extract_port
• cw_url_extract_protocol
• cw_url_extract_query
• cw_width_bucket
• day_occurrence_of_month
• degrees
• find_in_set
• freq_table
• from_binary
• from_hex
• get_array_value
• getbit
• get_value
• int
• jaccard
• job_url
• json_extract_keys
• json_extract_key_value_pairs
• json_extract_values
• json_typeof
• kll_sketch_float64
• kll_sketch_int64
• kll_sketch_merge
• kll_sketch_quantile
• knots_to_mph
• kruskal_wallis
• last_day
• levenshtein
• linear_interpolate
• linear_regression
• mannwhitneyu
• median
• meter_to_miles
• miles_to_meters
• mph_to_knots
• nautical_miles_conversion
• nlp_compromise_number
• nlp_compromise_people
• normal_cdf
• percentage_change
• percentage_difference
• pi
• pvalue
• p_fisherexact
• radians
• random_int
• random_string
• random_value
• studentt_cdf
• sure_cond
• sure_like
• sure_nonnull
• sure_range
• sure_values
• table_url
• theta_sketch_a_not_b
• theta_sketch_bytes
• theta_sketch_extract
• theta_sketch_intersection
• theta_sketch_int64
• theta_sketch_union
• to_binary
• to_hex
• translate
• ts_gen_keyed_timestamps
• ts_linear_interpolate
• ts_session_group
• ts_slide
• ts_tumble
• t_test
• tuple_sketch_int64
• tuple_sketch_extract_avg
• tuple_sketch_extract_count
• tuple_sketch_extract_sum
• tuple_sketch_extract_summary
• tuple_sketch_union
• typeof
• url_decode
• url_encode
• url_keys
• url_param
• url_parse
• url_trim_query
• week_of_month
• y4md_to_date
• zeronorm

Documentation

azimuth_to_geog_point(input_lat FLOAT64, input_lon FLOAT64, azimuth FLOAT64, distance FLOAT64)

Takes an input latitude, longitude, azimuth, and distance (in miles) and returns the corresponding latitude and longitude as a BigQuery GEOGRAPHY point.

SELECT bqutil.fn.azimuth_to_geog_point(30.2672, 97.7431, 312.9, 1066.6);

POINT(81.4417483906444 39.9606210457152)

bignumber_add(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows mathematical addition on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a string.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_add(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '2348592348793428978934278932746531725371625376152367153761536715376')

"102348592348793428978934278932746531725371625376152367153761536715375"

bignumber_avg(numbers ARRAY)

Safely allows calculating the average of numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a string.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_avg(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '33333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333', '66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666')

"66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666"

bignumber_div(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows mathematical division on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a string.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_div(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '33333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333')

"3"

bignumber_eq(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows equal comparison on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a boolean.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_eq(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999')

TRUE

bignumber_gt(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows greater than comparison on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a boolean.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_gt(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '33333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333')

TRUE

bignumber_gte(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows greater than or equal comparison on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a boolean.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_gte(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999')

TRUE

bignumber_lt(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows less than comparison on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a boolean.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_lt(
  '33333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333','99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999')

TRUE

bignumber_lte(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows less than or equal comparison on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a boolean.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_lte(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999')

TRUE

bignumber_mul(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows mathematical multiplication on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a string.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_mul(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '893427328732842662772591830391462182598436547786876876876')

"89342732873284266277259183039146218259843654778687687687599999999999106572671267157337227408169608537817401563452213123123124"

bignumber_sub(first STRING, second STRING)

Safely allows mathematical subtraction on numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a string.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_sub(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '893427328732842662772591830391462182598436547786876876876')

"99999999999106572671267157337227408169608537817401563452213123123123"

bignumber_sum(numbers ARRAY)

Safely allows calculating the total sum of numbers of any magnitude. Returns the result as a string.

SELECT bqutil.fn.bignumber_sum(
  '99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999', '893427328732842662772591830391462182598436547786876876876', '123456789123456789123456789123456789123456789123456789123456789123456789')

"123556789123457682550785521966119561715287180585639387560004576000333664"

csv_to_struct(strList STRING)

Take a list of comma separated key-value pairs and creates a struct. Input: strList: string that has map in the format a:b,c:d.... Output: struct for the above map.

WITH test_cases AS (
  SELECT NULL as s
  UNION ALL
  SELECT '' as s
  UNION ALL
  SELECT ',' as s
  UNION ALL
  SELECT ':' as s
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'a:b' as s
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'a:b,c:d' as s
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'a:b' as s
)
SELECT key, value from test_cases as t, UNNEST(bqutil.fn.csv_to_struct(t.s)) s;

results:

key	value
a	b
a	b
c	d
a	b

cw_array_compact(a ANY TYPE)

Returns a compacted array with null values removed

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_array_compact([1, 2, 3, null, 5]);

[1, 2, 3, 5]

cw_array_distinct(arr ANY TYPE)

Returns distinct array.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_array_distinct([1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5]);

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

cw_array_max(arr ANY TYPE)

Returns maximum of array.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_array_max([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]);

6

cw_array_median(arr ANY TYPE)

Returns median of array.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_array_median([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]);

3.5

cw_array_min(arr ANY TYPE)

Returns minimum of array.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_array_min([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

1

cw_array_overlap(x ANY TYPE, y ANY TYPE)

Returns true if arrays are overlapped otherwise false.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_array_overlap([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_array_overlap([1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4]);

false
true

cw_array_stable_distinct(arr ANY TYPE)

Returns distinct array with preserved elements order.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_array_stable_distinct([4, 1, 4, 9, 1, 10]);

[4, 1, 9, 10]

cw_comparable_format_bigint(data ARRAT)

Lexicographically '+' comes before '-' so we replace p(lus) and m(inus) and subtract LONG_MIN on negative values

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_comparable_format_bigint([2, 8]);

p                  2 p                  8

cw_comparable_format_bigint_t(part INT64)

Lexicographically '+' comes before '-' so we replace p(lus) and m(inus) and subtract LONG_MIN on negative values

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_comparable_format_bigint_t(2);

p                  2

cw_comparable_format_varchar(data ARRAY)

Use hex to work around the separator problem (e.g. if separator = '-' then ['-', ''] and ['', '-'] both produce '--')

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_comparable_format_varchar(["2", "8"]);

32 38

cw_comparable_format_varchar_t(part STRING)

Use hex to work around the separator problem (e.g. if separator = '-' then ['-', ''] and ['', '-'] both produce '--')

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_comparable_format_varchar_t("2");

32

cw_convert_base(number STRING, from_base INT64, to_base INT64)

Convert string from given base to another base

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_convert_base('001101011', 2, 10);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_convert_base('A', 16, 2);

107
1010

cw_csvld(text string, comma string, quote string,len INT64)

Generates CSV array.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_csvld('Test#123', '#', '"', 2);

["Test", "123"]

cw_disjoint_all_partitions_by_regexp(haystack STRING, regex STRING)

Partitions rows into disjoint segments and returns all the partitions by matching row-sequence with the provided regex pattern.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_all_partitions_by_regexp(1, 'A@1#A@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_all_partitions_by_regexp(1, 'A@1#B@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_all_partitions_by_regexp(1, 'B@1#B@2#B@3#B@4#A@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')

[(0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5)]
[(0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 4), (1, 5)]
[]

cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(firstRn INT64, haystack STRING, regex STRING)

Partitions rows into disjoint segments and returns a partition associated with the given row-number by matching row-sequence with the provided regex pattern.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(1, 'A@1#A@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(2, 'A@1#A@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(3, 'A@1#A@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(4, 'A@1#A@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(5, 'A@1#A@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')

[1, 2, 3]
[]
[]
[4, 5]
[]

cw_editdistance(a STRING, b STRING)

Similar to teradata's editdistance without weightages

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_editdistance('Jim D. Swain', 'Jim D. Swain');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_editdistance('Jim D. Swain', 'John Smith');

0
9

cw_error_number(errmsg string)

Convert BQ generated error string to a number appropriate for other DBs

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_error_number('Error Message');

1

cw_error_severity(errmsg string)

Convert BQ generated error string to a number appropriate for other DBs

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_error_severity('Error Message');

1

cw_error_state(errmsg string)

Convert BQ generated error string to a number appropriate for other DBs

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_error_state('Error Message');

1

cw_find_in_list(needle STRING, list STRING)

Find index of element in set.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_find_in_list("1", "[Test,1,2]");

2

cw_from_base(number STRING, base INT64)

Convert string from given base to decimal

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_from_base('001101011', 2);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_from_base('A', 16);

107
10

cw_getbit(bits INT64, index INT64)

Return bit of INT64 input at given index, starting from 0 for the least significant bit.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_getbit(11, 100);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_getbit(11, 3);

0
1

cw_getbit_binary(bits BYTES, index INT64)

Return bit of BYTES input at given index, starting from 0 for the least significant bit.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_getbit_binary(b'\x0B', 100);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_getbit_binary(b'\x0B', 3);

0
1

cw_initcap(s STRING)

Takes an input string and returns input string with first letter capital.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_initcap('teststr');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_initcap('test str');

Teststr
Test Str

cw_instr4(source STRING, search STRING, position INT64, ocurrence INT64)

Takes an input source string, search string within source, position and number of occurrence. It returns index number of last occurrence staring position from position in source.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_instr4('TestStr123456Str', 'Str', 1, 2);

14

cw_json_array_contains_bool(json STRING, needle BOOL)

Same as cw_json_array_contains_str(STRING, STRING) UDF but with needle = boolean

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_json_array_contains_bool('[1, 2, 3, "valid", true]', true);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_json_array_contains_bool('[1, 2, 3, "valid", true]', false);

true
false

cw_json_array_contains_num(json STRING, needle FLOAT64)

Same as cw_json_array_contains_str(STRING, STRING) UDF but with needle = number.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_json_array_contains_num('[1, 2, 3, "valid"]', 1.0);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_json_array_contains_num('[1, 2, 3, "valid"]', 5.0);

true
false

cw_json_array_contains_str(json STRING, needle STRING)

Determine if value exists in json (a string containing a JSON array).

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_json_array_contains_str('["name", "test", "valid"]', 'test');

true

cw_json_array_get(json STRING, loc FLOAT64)

Returns the element at the specified index into the json_array. The index is zero-based

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_json_array_get('[{"name": "test"}, {"name": "test1"}]', 1.0);

test1

cw_json_array_length(json STRING)

Returns the array length of json (a string containing a JSON array)

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_json_array_length('[{"name": "test"}, {"name": "test1"}]');

2

cw_json_enumerate_array(text STRING)

Takes input JSON array and flatten it.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_json_enumerate_array('[{"name":"Cameron"}, {"name":"John"}]');

results:

Row	f0_.ordinal	f0_.jsonvalue
1	1	{"name":"Cameron"}
	2	{"name":"John"}

cw_lower_case_ascii_only(str STRING)

Lowercases only ASCII characters within a given string.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_lower_case_ascii_only('TestStr123456#');

teststr123456#

cw_map_create(keys ANY TYPE, vals ANY TYPE)

Given an array of keys and values, creates an array of struct containing matched <key,value> from each array. Number of elements in each array should be equal otherwise remaining values will be ignored.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_map_create([1, 2, 3], ['A', 'B', 'C']);

results:

Row	f0_.key	f0_.value
1	1	A
	2	B
	3	C

cw_map_get(maparray ANY TYPE, inkey ANY TYPE)

Given an array of struct and needle, searches an array to find struct whose key-field matches needle, then it returns the value-field in the given struct.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_map_get([STRUCT(1 as key, "ABC" as value)], 1);

ABC

cw_map_parse(m string, pd string, kvd string)

String to map convert.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_map_parse("a=1 b=42", " ", "=");

([STRUCT("a" AS key, "1" AS value),
STRUCT("b" AS key, "42" AS value)])

cw_months_between(et DATETIME, st DATETIME)

Similar to Teradata and Netezza's months_between function

SELECT bqutil.fn.months_between(DATETIME '2005-03-01 10:34:56', DATETIME '2005-02-28 11:22:33');

0.12795698924731182795698924731182795699

cw_next_day(date_value DATE, day_name STRING)

Returns the date of the first weekday (second arugment) that is later than the date specified by the first argument.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_next_day('2022-09-21', 'we');

2022-09-28

cw_nvp2json1(nvp STRING)

Convert an input string of name-value pairs to a JSON object.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_nvp2json1('name=google&occupation=engineer&hair=color');

{"name":"google","occupation":"engineer","hair":"color"}

cw_nvp2json3(nvp STRING,name_delim STRING, val_delim STRING)

Convert an input string of name-value pairs to a JSON object. name_delim is delimiter for keys. val_delim is delimiter for key-value.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_nvp2json3('name=google&occupation=engineer&hair=color', '&', '=');

{"name":"google","occupation":"engineer","hair":"color"}

cw_nvp2json4(nvp STRING, name_delim STRING, val_delim STRING, ignore_char STRING)

Convert an input string of name-value pairs to a JSON object. name_delim is delimiter for keys. val_delim is delimiter for key-value. ignore_char is to ignore and removed from output json.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_nvp2json4('name=google#1&occupation=engineer#2&hair=color#3', '&', '=', '#');

{"name":"google1","occupation":"engineer2","hair":"color3"}

cw_otranslate(s STRING, key STRING, value STRING)

Takes input source string with key and value. It returns source string with replacement of key with value.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_otranslate('Thin and Thick', 'Thk', 'Sp');

Spin and Spic

cw_overlapping_partition_by_regexp(firstRn INT64, haystack STRING, regex STRING)

Partitions rows into overlapping segments by matching their sequence with the provided regex pattern.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(1, 'A@1#A@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(2, 'A@2#B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(3, 'B@3#A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(4, 'A@4#B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_disjoint_partition_by_regexp(5, 'B@5#', '(?:A@\\d+#)+(?:B@\\d+#)')

[1, 2, 3]
[2, 3]
[]
[4, 5]
[]

cw_period_intersection(p1 STRUCT<lower TIMESTAMP, upper TIMESTAMP>, p2 STRUCT<lower TIMESTAMP, upper TIMESTAMP>)

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_period_intersection(
  STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-12 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-14 00:00:00' AS upper),
  STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-13 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-15 00:00:00' AS upper))

STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-13 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-14 00:00:00' AS upper)

cw_period_ldiff(p1 STRUCT<lower TIMESTAMP, upper TIMESTAMP>, p2 STRUCT<lower TIMESTAMP, upper TIMESTAMP>)

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_period_ldiff(
  STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-12 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-14 00:00:00' AS upper),
  STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-13 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-15 00:00:00' AS upper))

STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-12 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-13 00:00:00' AS upper)

cw_period_rdiff(p1 STRUCT<lower TIMESTAMP, upper TIMESTAMP>, p2 STRUCT<lower TIMESTAMP, upper TIMESTAMP>)

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_period_rdiff(
  STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-13 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-15 00:00:00' AS upper),
  STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-12 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-14 00:00:00' AS upper))

STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2001-11-14 00:00:00' AS lower, TIMESTAMP '2001-11-15 00:00:00' AS upper)

cw_regex_mode(mode STRING)

Retrieve mode.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regex_mode('i');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regex_mode('m');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regex_mode('n);

ig
mg
sg

cw_regexp_extract(str STRING, regexp STRING)

Extracts the first substring matched by the regular expression regexp in str, returns null if the regex doesn't have a match or either str or regexp is null.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract('TestStr123456#?%&', 'Str');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract('TestStr123456#?%&', 'StrX');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract(NULL, 'StrX');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract('TestStr123456#?%&', NULL);

Str
NULL
NULL
NULL

cw_regexp_extract_all(str STRING, regexp STRING)

Returns the substring(s) matched by the regular expression regexp in str, returns null if the regex doesn't have a match or either str or regexp is null.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract_all('TestStr123456', 'Str.*');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract_all('TestStr123456', 'StrX.*');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract_all(NULL, 'Str.*');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract_all('TestStr123456', NULL);

[Str123456]
NULL
NULL
NULL

cw_regexp_extract_all_n(str STRING, regexp STRING, groupn INT64)

Finds all occurrences of the regular expression regexp in str and returns the capturing group number groupn.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract_all_n('TestStr123456Str789', 'Str.*', 0);

Str123456Str789

cw_regexp_extract_n(str STRING, regexp STRING, groupn INT64)

Finds the first occurrence of the regular expression regexp in str and returns the capturing group number groupn.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_extract_n('TestStr123456', 'Str', 0);

Str

cw_regexp_instr_2(haystack STRING, needle STRING)

Takes input haystack string with needle string. Returns starting index of needle.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_2('TestStr123456', 'Str');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_2('TestStr123456', '90');

5
0

cw_regexp_instr_3(haystack STRING, needle STRING, start INT64)

Takes input haystack string, needle string and starting positin from where search will start. Returns starting index of needle.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_3('TestStr123456', 'Str', 0);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_3('TestStr123456', 'Str', 6);

5
0

cw_regexp_instr_4(haystack STRING, needle STRING, start INT64)

Takes input haystack string, needle string, starting positin from where search will start and number of occurance. Returns starting index of last needle.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_4('TestStr123456', 'Str', 1, 1);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_4('TestStr123456Str', 'Str', 1, 2);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_4('TestStr123456Str', 'Str', 1, 3);

5
14
0

cw_regexp_instr_5(haystack STRING, regexp STRING, p INT64, o INT64, returnopt INT64)

Takes input haystack string, needle string, starting positin from where search will start, number of occurance and returnopt number. Returns end index +1 of last needle. Mode can be g for global search, i for case insensetive search and m for multiline search.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_5('TestStr123456', '123', 1, 1, 1);

11

cw_regexp_instr_6(haystack STRING, regexp STRING, p INT64, o INT64, returnopt INT64, mode STRING)

Takes input haystack string, needle string, starting positin from where search will start, number of occurance, returnopt number and mode. Returns end index +1 of last needle. Mode can be g for global search, i for case insensetive search and m for multiline search.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_6('TestStr123456', 'Str', 1, 1, 1, 'g');

8

cw_regexp_instr_generic(haystack STRING, regexp STRING, p INT64, o INT64, returnopt INT64, mode STRING)

Takes input haystack string, needle string, starting positin from where search will start, number of occurance, returnopt number and mode. Returns end index +1 of last needle. Mode can be g for global search, i for case insensetive search and m for multiline search.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_instr_generic('TestStr123456', 'Str', 1, 1, 1, 'g');

8

cw_regexp_replace_4(haystack STRING, regexp STRING, replacement STRING, offset INT64)

Takes input haystack string, regular expression, replacement string and starting offset. It returns new string with replacement string matches accordingly regular expression.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_replace_4('TestStr123456', 'Str', 'Cad$', 1);

TestCad$123456

cw_regexp_replace_5(haystack STRING, regexp STRING, replacement STRING, offset INT64, occurrence INT64)

Takes input haystack string, regular expression, replacement string, starting offset and number of occurence which we want to replace. It returns new string with replacement string matches accordingly regular expression.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_replace_5('TestStr123456', 'Str', 'Cad$', 1, 1);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_replace_5('TestStr123456Str', 'Str', 'Cad$', 1, 2);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_replace_5('TestStr123456Str', 'Str', 'Cad$', 1, 1);

TestCad$123456
TestStr123456Cad$
TestCad$123456Str

cw_regexp_replace_6(haystack STRING, regexp STRING, replacement STRING, p INT64, o INT64, mode STRING)

Takes input haystack string, regular expression, replacement string, starting offset, number of occurence which we want to replace and mode. It returns new string with replacement string matches accordingly regular expression. Mode can be g for global search, i for case insensetive search and m for multiline search.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_replace_6('TestStr123456', 'Str', '$:#>', 1, 1, 'i');

Test$:#>123456

cw_regexp_replace_generic(haystack STRING, regexp STRING, replacement STRING, offset INT64, occurrence INT64, mode STRING)

Generic regexp_replace, which is the 6-args version with regexp_mode already decoded

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_replace_generic('TestStr123456', 'Str', '$:#>', 1, 1, 'i');

Test$:#>123456

cw_regexp_split(text string, delim string, flags string)

Takes input string, delimiter and flags. It generates pair from string tokenizer. Flags works like Regex mode of javascript.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_split('Test#1', '#', 'i');

([STRUCT(CAST(1 AS INT64) AS tokennumber, "Test" AS token),
STRUCT(CAST(2 AS INT64) AS tokennumber, "1" AS token)])

cw_regexp_substr_4(h STRING, n STRING, p INT64, o INT64)

Takes input haystack string, needle string, position and occurence. It returns needle from the starting position if present with number of occurence time in haystack.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_4('TestStr123456', 'Test', 1, 1);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_4('TestStr123456Test', 'Test', 1, 2);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_4('TestStr123456Test', 'Test', 1, 3);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_4('Test123Str123Test', '(Test|Str)123', 1, 1);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_4('Test123Str123Test', '(Test|Str)123', 1, 2);

Test
Test
null
Test123
Str123

cw_regexp_substr_5(h STRING, n STRING, p INT64, o INT64, mode STRING)

Takes input haystack string, needle string, position, occurence and mode. It returns needle from the starting position if present with number of occurence time in haystack. Mode can be g for global search, i for case insensetive search and m for multiline search.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_5('TestStr123456', 'Test', 1, 1, 'g');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_5('TestStr123456Test', 'test', 1, 2, 'i');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_5('TestStr123456\nTest', 'Test', 1, 2, 'm');

Test
Test
Test

cw_regexp_substr_6(h STRING, n STRING, p INT64, o INT64, mode STRING, g INT64)

Takes input haystack string, needle string, position, occurence and mode. It returns needle from the starting position if present with number of occurence time in haystack. Mode can be g for global search, i for case insensetive search and m for multiline search.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_6('TestStr123456', 'Test', 1, 1, 'g', 0);

Test

cw_regexp_substr_generic(str STRING, regexp STRING, p INT64, o INT64, mode STRING, g INT64)

Generic regex based substring function.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_regexp_substr_generic('TestStr123456', 'Test', 1, 1, 'g', 0);

Test

cw_round_half_even(n BIGNUMERIC, d INT64)

Round half even number

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_round_half_even(10, 10);

10

cw_round_half_even_bignumeric(n BIGNUMERIC, d INT64)

Round half even bignumeric number

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_round_half_even_bignumeric(10, 10);

10

cw_runtime_parse_interval_seconds(ival STRING)

Kludge for interval translation - for now day->sec only

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_runtime_parse_interval_seconds(1 DAY);

86400

cw_setbit(bits INT64, index INT64)

Set bit and return new bits

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_setbit(1001, 2);

1005

cw_signed_leftshift_128bit(value BIGNUMERIC, n BIGNUMERIC)

Performs a signed shift left on BIGNUMERIC as if it was a 128 bit integer.

- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_signed_leftshift_128bit(NUMERIC '1', NUMERIC '3');
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_signed_leftshift_128bit(NUMERIC '1', NUMERIC '127');
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_signed_leftshift_128bit(NUMERIC '-5', NUMERIC '2');

- 8
- -170141183460469231731687303715884105728
- -20

cw_signed_rightshift_128bit(value BIGNUMERIC, n BIGNUMERIC)

Performs a signed shift right on BIGNUMERIC as if it was a 128 bit integer.

- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_signed_rightshift_128bit(NUMERIC '32', NUMERIC '3');
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_signed_rightshift_128bit(NUMERIC '7', NUMERIC '1');
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_signed_rightshift_128bit(NUMERIC '-7', NUMERIC '1');
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_signed_rightshift_128bit(NUMERIC '-1', NUMERIC '1');
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_signed_rightshift_128bit(NUMERIC '-1', NUMERIC '100');

- 4
- 3
- -4
- -1
- -1

cw_split_part_delimstr_idx(value STRING, delimiter STRING, part INT64)

Extract a part from a string value delimited by a delimiter string. Indexing start from 1. Negative offsets count from the end.

- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_split_part_delimstr_idx('foo bar baz', ' ', 3)
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_split_part_delimstr_idx('foo bar baz', ' ', -3)
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_split_part_delimstr_idx('foo bar baz', ' ', 4)

- bar
- foo
- NULL

cw_stringify_interval(x INT64)

Formats the interval as 'day hour:minute:second

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_stringify_interval(86100);

+0000 23:55:00

cw_strtok(text string, delim string)

Takes input string and delimiter. It generates pair from string tokenizer.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_strtok('Test#1', '#');

([STRUCT(CAST(1 AS INT64) AS tokennumber, "Test" AS token),
STRUCT(CAST(2 AS INT64) AS tokennumber, "1" AS token)])

cw_substrb(str STRING, startpos INT64, extent INT64)

Treats the multibyte character string as a string of octets (bytes).

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_substrb('TestStr123', 0, 3);

Te

cw_substring_index(str STRING, sep STRING, idx INT64)

Takes input string, seperater string and index number. It returns index element.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_substring_index('TestStr123456,Test123', ',', 1);

TestStr123456

#cw_td_normalize_number(str STRING)

Takes string representation of number, parses it according to Teradata rules and returns a normalized string, that is parseable by BigQuery.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_td_normalize_number('12:34:56');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_td_normalize_number('3.14e-1');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_td_normalize_number('00042-');
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_td_normalize_number('Hello World!');

'123456'
'0.314'
'-42'
'ILLEGAL_NUMBER(Hello World!)'

cw_td_nvp(haystack STRING, needle STRING, pairsep STRING, valuesep STRING, occurence INT64)

Extract a value from a key-value separated string

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_td_nvp('entree:orange chicken#entree2:honey salmon', 'entree', '#', ':', 1);

orange chicken

cw_threegrams(t STRING)

Takes input string with space. Space delimiter words will repeat three times and generate array.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_threegrams('Test 1234 str abc');

["Test 1234 str", "1234 str abc"]

cw_to_base(number INT64, base INT64)

Convert string from decimal to given base

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_to_base(5, 2);
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_to_base(10, 16);

101
a

cw_ts_overlap_buckets(includeMeets BOOLEAN, inputs ARRAY<STRUCT<st TIMESTAMP, et TIMESTAMP>>)

Merges two periods together if they overlap and returns unique id for each merged bucket. Coalesces meeting periods as well (not just overlapping periods) if includeMeets is true.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_ts_overlap_buckets(false, [STRUCT(TIMESTAMP("2008-12-25"), TIMESTAMP("2008-12-31")), STRUCT(TIMESTAMP("2008-12-26"), TIMESTAMP("2008-12-30"))]);

results:

Row	f0_.bucketNo	f0_.st	f0_.et
1	1	2008-12-25 00:00:00 UTC	2008-12-31 00:00:00 UTC

cw_ts_pattern_match(evSeries ARRAY, regexpParts ARRAY)

ts_pattern_match is function that returns range of matched pattern in given UID, SID (user session)

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_ts_pattern_match(['abc', 'abc'], ['abc']);

results:

Row	f0_.pattern_id	f0_.start	f0_.stop
1	1	1	1
	2	2	2

cw_twograms(t STRING)

Takes input string with space. Space delimiter words will repeat two times and generate array.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_twograms('Test Str 123456 789');

["Test Str", "Str 123456", "123456 789"]

cw_url_decode(path STRING)

URL decode a string

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_decode("%3F");
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_decode("%2F");

?
/

cw_url_encode(path STRING)

URL encode a string

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_encode("?");
SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_encode("/");

%3F
%2F

cw_url_extract_authority(url STRING)

Extract the authority from a url, returns "" (empty string) if no authority is found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_authority('https://localhost:8080/test?key=val');

localhost:8080

cw_url_extract_file(url STRING)

Extract the file from a url, returns "" (empty string) string if no file is found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_file('https://www.test.com/collections-in-java#collectionmethods');

/collections-in-java

cw_url_extract_fragment(url STRING)

Extract the fragment from a url, returns "" (empty string) if no fragment is found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_fragment('https://www.test.com/collections-in-java#collectionmethods');

collectionmethods

cw_url_extract_host(url STRING)

Extract the host from a url, return "" (empty string) if no host is found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_host('https://google.com');

google.com

cw_url_extract_parameter(url STRING, pname STRING)

Extract the value of a query param from a url, returns null if the parameter isn't found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_parameter('https://www.test.com/collections-in-java&key=val#collectionmethods', 'key');

val

cw_url_extract_path(url STRING)

Extract the path from a url, returns "" (empty string) if no path is found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_path('https://www.test.com/collections-in-java#collectionmethods');

/collections-in-java

cw_url_extract_port(url STRING)

Extract the port from a url, returns null if no port is found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_port('https://localhost:8080/test?key=val');

8080

cw_url_extract_protocol(url STRING)

Extract the protocol from a url, return "" (empty string) if no protocol is found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_protocol('https://google.com/test?key=val');

https

cw_url_extract_query(url STRING)

Extract the query from a url, returns "" (empty string) if no query is found.

SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_url_extract_query('https://localhost:8080/test?key=val');

key=val

cw_width_bucket(value_expression FLOAT64, lower_bound FLOAT64, upper_bound FLOAT64, partition_count INT64)

Emulates WIDTH_BUCKET present in many dialects.

- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_width_bucket(4, 0, 10, 6);
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_width_bucket(4, 10, 0, 6);
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_width_bucket(15, 0, 10, 6);
- SELECT bqutil.fn.cw_width_bucket(-10, 0, 10, 6);

- 3
- 4
- 7
- 0

day_occurrence_of_month(date_expression ANY TYPE)

Returns the nth occurrence of the weekday in the month for the specified date. The result is an INTEGER value between 1 and 5.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.day_occurrence_of_month(DATE '2020-07-01'),
  bqutil.fn.day_occurrence_of_month(DATE '2020-07-08');

1 2

degrees(x ANY TYPE)

Convert radians values into degrees.

SELECT bqutil.fn.degrees(3.141592653589793) is_this_pi

180.0

find_in_set(str STRING, strList STRING)

Returns the first occurance of str in strList where strList is a comma-delimited string. Returns null if either argument is null. Returns 0 if the first argument contains any commas. For example, find_in_set('ab', 'abc,b,ab,c,def') returns 3. Input: str: string to search for. strList: string in which to search. Output: Position of str in strList

WITH test_cases AS (
  SELECT 'ab' as str, 'abc,b,ab,c,def' as strList
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'ab' as str, 'mobile,tablet,mobile/tablet,phone,text' as strList
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'mobile' as str, 'mobile,tablet,mobile/tablet,phone,text' as strList
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'mobile,' as str, 'mobile,tablet,mobile/tablet,phone,text' as strList
)
SELECT bqutil.fn.find_in_set(str, strList) from test_cases

results:

f0_
3
NULL
1
0

freq_table(arr ANY TYPE)

Construct a frequency table (histogram) of an array of elements. Frequency table is represented as an array of STRUCT(value, freq)

SELECT bqutil.fn.freq_table([1,2,1,3,1,5,1000,5]) ft

results:

Row	ft.value	ft.freq
1	1	3
	2	1
	3	1
	5	2
	1000	1

from_binary(value STRING)

Returns a number in decimal form from its binary representation.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.to_binary(x) AS binary,
  bqutil.fn.from_binary(bqutil.fn.to_binary(x)) AS x
FROM
  UNNEST([1, 123456, 9876543210, -1001]) AS x;

results:

binary	x
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001	1
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000011110001001000000	123456
0000000000000000000000000000001001001100101100000001011011101010	9876543210
1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110000010111	-1001

from_hex(value STRING)

Returns a number in decimal form from its hexadecimal representation.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.to_hex(x) AS hex,
  bqutil.fn.from_hex(bqutil.fn.to_hex(x)) AS x
FROM
  UNNEST([1, 123456, 9876543210, -1001]) AS x;

results:

hex	x
0000000000000001	1
000000000001e240	123456
000000024cb016ea	9876543210
fffffffffffffc17	-1001

get_array_value(k STRING, arr ANY TYPE)

Given a key and a map, returns the ARRAY type value. This is same as get_value except it returns an ARRAY type. This can be used when the map has multiple values for a given key.

WITH test AS (
  SELECT ARRAY(
    SELECT STRUCT('a' AS key, 'aaa' AS value) AS s
    UNION ALL
    SELECT STRUCT('b' AS key, 'bbb' AS value) AS s
    UNION ALL
    SELECT STRUCT('a' AS key, 'AAA' AS value) AS s
    UNION ALL
    SELECT STRUCT('c' AS key, 'ccc' AS value) AS s
  ) AS a
)
SELECT bqutil.fn.get_array_value('b', a), bqutil.fn.get_array_value('a', a), bqutil.fn.get_array_value('c', a) from test;

results:

f0_	f1_	f2_
["bbb"]	["aaa","AAA"]	["ccc"]

getbit(target_arg INT64, target_bit_arg INT64)

Given an INTEGER value, returns the value of a bit at a specified position. The position of the bit starts from 0.

SELECT bqutil.fn.getbit(23, 2), bqutil.fn.getbit(23, 3), bqutil.fn.getbit(null, 1)

1 0 NULL

get_value(k STRING, arr ANY TYPE)

Given a key and a list of key-value maps in the form [{'key': 'a', 'value': 'aaa'}], returns the SCALAR type value.

WITH test AS (
  SELECT ARRAY(
    SELECT STRUCT('a' AS key, 'aaa' AS value) AS s
    UNION ALL
    SELECT STRUCT('b' AS key, 'bbb' AS value) AS s
    UNION ALL
    SELECT STRUCT('c' AS key, 'ccc' AS value) AS s
  ) AS a
)
SELECT bqutil.fn.get_value('b', a), bqutil.fn.get_value('a', a), bqutil.fn.get_value('c', a) from test;

results:

f0_	f1_	f2_
bbb	aaa	ccc

int(v ANY TYPE)

Convience wrapper which can be used to convert values to integers in place of the native CAST(x AS INT64).

SELECT bqutil.fn.int(1) int1
  , bqutil.fn.int(2.5) int2
  , bqutil.fn.int('7') int3
  , bqutil.fn.int('7.8') int4

1, 2, 7, 7

Note that CAST(x AS INT64) rounds the number, while this function truncates it. In many cases, that's the behavior users expect.

jaccard()

Accepts two string and returns the distance using Jaccard algorithm.

SELECT
       bqutil.fn.jaccard('thanks', 'thaanks'),
       bqutil.fn.jaccard('thanks', 'thanxs'),
       bqutil.fn.jaccard('bad demo', 'abd demo'),
       bqutil.fn.jaccard('edge case', 'no match'),
       bqutil.fn.jaccard('Special. Character?', 'special character'),
       bqutil.fn.jaccard('', ''),
1, 0.71, 1.0, 0.25, 0.67, 0.0

job_url(job_id STRING)

Generates a deep link to the BigQuery console for a given job_id in the form: project:location.job_id.

SELECT bqutil.fn.job_url("my_project:us.my_job_id")

https://console.cloud.google.com/bigquery?project=my_project&j=bq:us:my_job_id

json_extract_keys()

Returns all keys in the input JSON as an array of string Returns NULL if invalid JSON string is passed,

SELECT bqutil.fn.json_extract_keys(
  '{"foo" : "cat", "bar": "dog", "hat": "rat"}'
) AS keys_array

foo
bar
hat

json_extract_key_value_pairs()

Returns all key/values pairs in the input JSON as an array of STRUCT<key STRING, value STRING> Returns NULL if invalid JSON string is passed,

SELECT * FROM UNNEST(
  bqutil.fn.json_extract_key_value_pairs(
    '{"foo" : "cat", "bar": [1,2,3], "hat": {"qux": true}}'
  )
)

key,value
foo,"cat"
bar,[1,2,3]
hat,{"qux":true}

json_extract_values()

Returns all values in the input JSON as an array of string Returns NULL if invalid JSON string is passed,

SELECT bqutil.fn.json_extract_values(
  '{"foo" : "cat", "bar": "dog", "hat": "rat"}'
) AS keys_array

cat
dog
rat

json_typeof(json string)

Returns the type of JSON value. It emulates json_typeof of PostgreSQL.

SELECT
       bqutil.fn.json_typeof('{"foo": "bar"}'),
       bqutil.fn.json_typeof(TO_JSON_STRING(("foo", "bar"))),
       bqutil.fn.json_typeof(TO_JSON_STRING([1,2,3])),
       bqutil.fn.json_typeof(TO_JSON_STRING("test")),
       bqutil.fn.json_typeof(TO_JSON_STRING(123)),
       bqutil.fn.json_typeof(TO_JSON_STRING(TRUE)),
       bqutil.fn.json_typeof(TO_JSON_STRING(FALSE)),
       bqutil.fn.json_typeof(TO_JSON_STRING(NULL)),

object, array, string, number, boolean, boolean, null

kll_sketch_float64(id_col FLOAT64, k INT64)

Refer to datasketches/kll-sketch for more details.

kll_sketch_int64(id_col INT64, k INT64)

Refer to datasketches/kll-sketch for more details.

kll_sketch_merge(sketch BYTES, k INT64)

Refer to datasketches/kll-sketch for more details.

kll_sketch_quantile(sketch BYTES, rank FLOAT64)

Refer to datasketches/kll-sketch for more details.

knots_to_mph(input_knots FLOAT64)

Converts knots to miles per hour

SELECT bqutil.fn.knots_to_mph(37.7);

43.384406

levenshtein(source STRING, target STRING) RETURNS INT64

Returns an integer number indicating the degree of similarity between two strings (0=identical, 1=single character difference, etc.)

SELECT
  source,
  target,
  bqutil.fn.levenshtein(source, target) distance,
FROM UNNEST([
  STRUCT('analyze' AS source, 'analyse' AS target),
  STRUCT('opossum', 'possum'),
  STRUCT('potatoe', 'potatoe'),
  STRUCT('while', 'whilst'),
  STRUCT('aluminum', 'alumininium'),
  STRUCT('Connecticut', 'CT')
]);

Row	source	target	distance
1	analyze	analyse	1
2	opossum	possum	1
3	potatoe	potatoe	0
4	while	whilst	2
5	aluminum	alumininium	3
6	Connecticut	CT	10

This function is based on the Levenshtein distance algorithm which determines the minimum number of single-character edits (insertions, deletions or substitutions) required to change one source string into another target one.

linear_interpolate(pos INT64, prev STRUCT<x INT64, y FLOAT64>, next STRUCT<x INT64, y FLOAT64>)

Interpolate the current positions value from the preceding and folllowing coordinates

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.linear_interpolate(2, STRUCT(0 AS x, 0.0 AS y), STRUCT(10 AS x, 10.0 AS y)),
  bqutil.fn.linear_interpolate(2, STRUCT(0 AS x, 0.0 AS y), STRUCT(20 AS x, 10.0 AS y))

results:

f0_	f1_
2.0	1.0

median(arr ANY TYPE)

Get the median of an array of numbers.

SELECT bqutil.fn.median([1,1,1,2,3,4,5,100,1000]) median_1
  , bqutil.fn.median([1,2,3]) median_2
  , bqutil.fn.median([1,2,3,4]) median_3

3.0, 2.0, 2.5

meters_to_miles(input_meters FLOAT64)

Converts meters to miles

SELECT bqutil.fn.meters_to_miles(5000.0);

3.1068559611866697

miles_to_meters(input_miles FLOAT64)

Converts miles to meters

SELECT bqutil.fn.miles_to_meters(2.73);

4393.50912

mph_to_knots(input_mph FLOAT64)

Converts miles per hour to knots

SELECT bqutil.fn.mph_to_knots(75.5);

65.607674794487224

nautical_miles_conversion(input_nautical_miles FLOAT64)

Converts nautical miles to miles

SELECT bqutil.fn.nautical_miles_conversion(1.12);

1.2888736

nlp_compromise_number(str STRING)

Parse numbers from text.

SELECT bqutil.fn.nlp_compromise_number('one hundred fifty seven')
  , bqutil.fn.nlp_compromise_number('three point 5')
  , bqutil.fn.nlp_compromise_number('2 hundred')
  , bqutil.fn.nlp_compromise_number('minus 8')
  , bqutil.fn.nlp_compromise_number('5 million 3 hundred 25 point zero 1')

157, 3.5, 200, -8, 5000325.01

nlp_compromise_people(str STRING)

Extract names out of text.

SELECT bqutil.fn.nlp_compromise_people(
  "hello, I'm Felipe Hoffa and I work with Elliott Brossard - who thinks Jordan Tigani will like this post?"
) names

["felipe hoffa", "elliott brossard", "jordan tigani"]

percentage_change(val1 FLOAT64, val2 FLOAT64)

Calculate the percentage change (increase/decrease) between two numbers.

SELECT bqutil.fn.percentage_change(0.2, 0.4)
  , bqutil.fn.percentage_change(5, 15)
  , bqutil.fn.percentage_change(100, 50)
  , bqutil.fn.percentage_change(-20, -45)

results:

f0_	f1_	f2_	f3_
1.0	2.0	-0.5	-1.125

percentage_difference(val1 FLOAT64, val2 FLOAT64)

Calculate the percentage difference between two numbers.

SELECT bqutil.fn.percentage_difference(0.2, 0.8)
  , bqutil.fn.percentage_difference(4.0, 12.0)
  , bqutil.fn.percentage_difference(100, 200)
  , bqutil.fn.percentage_difference(1.0, 1000000000)

results:

f0_	f1_	f2_	f3_
1.2	1.0	0.6667	2.0

pi()

Returns the value of pi.

SELECT bqutil.fn.pi() this_is_pi

3.141592653589793

radians(x ANY TYPE)

Convert degree values into radian.

SELECT bqutil.fn.radians(180) is_this_pi

3.141592653589793

random_int(min ANY TYPE, max ANY TYPE)

Generate random integers between the min and max values.

SELECT bqutil.fn.random_int(0,10) randint, COUNT(*) c
FROM UNNEST(GENERATE_ARRAY(1,1000))
GROUP BY 1
ORDER BY 1

random_value(arr ANY TYPE)

Returns a random value from an array.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.random_value(['tino', 'jordan', 'julie', 'elliott', 'felipe']),
  bqutil.fn.random_value(['tino', 'jordan', 'julie', 'elliott', 'felipe']),
  bqutil.fn.random_value(['tino', 'jordan', 'julie', 'elliott', 'felipe'])

'tino', 'julie', 'jordan'

sure_cond(value STRING, cond BOOL)

If cond is FALSE the function cause error.

SELECT
  `bqutil.fn.sure_cond`(x, x > 0)
FROM UNNEST([1, 2, 3, 4]) as x

sure_like(value STRING, like_pattern STRING)

If argument value is matched by like_pattern, the function returns value as-is. Otherwise it causes error.

SELECT
  `bqutil.fn.sure_like`("[some_pattern]", "[%]") = "hoge";

sure_nonnull(value ANY TYPE)

If non-NULL argument is passed, the function returns input value as-is. However if NULL value is passed, it causes error.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.sure_nonnull(1),
  bqutil.fn.sure_nonnull("string"),
  bqutil.fn.sure_nonnull([1, 2, 3]),

sure_range(value ANY TYPE)

Returns true if value is between lower_bound and upper_bound, inclusive.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.sure_range(1, 1, 10) == 1,
  bqutil.fn.sure_range("b", "a", "b") == "b",

sure_values(value ANY TYPE, acceptable_value_array ANY TYPE)

If argument value is in acceptable_value_array or NULL, the function returns input value as-is. Otherwise it causes error.

SELECT
  `bqutil.fn.sure_values`("hoge", ["hoge", "fuga"]) = "hoge",
  `bqutil.fn.sure_values`(  NULL, ["hoge", "fuga"]) is NULL

table_url(table_id STRING)

Generates a deep link to the BigQuery console for a table or view in the form: "project.dataset.table"

SELECT bqutil.fn.table_url("bigquery-public-data.new_york_citibike.citibike_trips")

https://console.cloud.google.com/bigquery?p=bigquery-public-data&d=new_york_citibike&t=citibike_trips&page=table

theta_sketch_a_not_b(sketch_a BYTES, sketch_b BYTES)

Refer to datasketches/theta-sketch for more details.

theta_sketch_bytes(bytes_col BYTES, lg_k INT64)

Refer to datasketches/theta-sketch for more details.

theta_sketch_extract(sketch BYTES)

Refer to datasketches/theta-sketch for more details.

theta_sketch_intersection(sketch BYTES)

Refer to datasketches/theta-sketch for more details.

theta_sketch_int64(id_col INT64, lg_k INT64)

Refer to datasketches/theta-sketch for more details.

theta_sketch_union(sketch BYTES, lg_k INT64)

Refer to datasketches/theta-sketch for more details.

to_binary(x INT64)

Returns a binary representation of a number.

SELECT
  x,
  bqutil.fn.to_binary(x) AS binary
FROM
  UNNEST([1, 123456, 9876543210, -1001]) AS x;

results:

x	binary
1	0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001
123456	0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000011110001001000000
9876543210	0000000000000000000000000000001001001100101100000001011011101010
-1001	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110000010111

to_hex(x INT64)

Returns a hexadecimal representation of a number.

SELECT
  x,
  bqutil.fn.to_hex(x) AS hex
FROM
  UNNEST([1, 123456, 9876543210, -1001]) AS x;

results:

x	hex
1	0000000000000001
123456	000000000001e240
9876543210	000000024cb016ea
-1001	fffffffffffffc17

random_string(length INT64)

Returns a random string of specified length. Individual characters are chosen uniformly at random from the following pool of characters: 0-9, a-z, A-Z.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.random_string(5),
  bqutil.fn.random_string(7),
  bqutil.fn.random_string(10)

'mb3AP' 'aQG5XYB' '0D5WFVQuq6'

translate(expression STRING, characters_to_replace STRING, characters_to_substitute STRING)

For a given expression, replaces all occurrences of specified characters with specified substitutes. Existing characters are mapped to replacement characters by their positions in the characters_to_replace and characters_to_substitute arguments. If more characters are specified in the characters_to_replace argument than in the characters_to_substitute argument, the extra characters from the characters_to_replace argument are omitted in the return value.

SELECT bqutil.fn.translate('mint tea', 'inea', 'osin')

most tin

ts_gen_keyed_timestamps(keys ARRAY, tumble_seconds INT64, min_ts TIMESTAMP, max_ts TIMESTAMP)

Generate a timestamp array associated with each key

SELECT *
FROM
  UNNEST(bqutil.fn.ts_gen_keyed_timestamps(['abc', 'def'], 60, TIMESTAMP '2020-01-01 00:30:00', TIMESTAMP '2020-01-01 00:31:00))

series_key	tumble_val
abc	2020-01-01 00:30:00 UTC
def	2020-01-01 00:30:00 UTC
abc	2020-01-01 00:31:00 UTC
def	2020-01-01 00:31:00 UTC

ts_linear_interpolate(pos TIMESTAMP, prev STRUCT<x TIMESTAMP, y FLOAT64>, next STRUCT<x TIMESTAMP, y FLOAT64>)

Interpolate the positions value using timestamp seconds as the x-axis

select bqutil.fn.ts_linear_interpolate(
  TIMESTAMP '2020-01-01 00:30:00',
  STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2020-01-01 00:29:00' AS x, 1.0 AS y),
  STRUCT(TIMESTAMP '2020-01-01 00:31:00' AS x, 3.0 AS y)
)

f0_
2.0

ts_session_group(row_ts TIMESTAMP, prev_ts TIMESTAMP, session_gap INT64)

Function to compare two timestamp as being within the same session window. A timestamp in the same session window as its previous timestamp will evaluate as NULL, otherwise the current row's timestamp is returned. The "LAST_VALUE(ts IGNORE NULLS)" window function can then be used to stamp all rows with the starting timestamp for the session window.

--5 minute (300 seconds) session window
WITH ticks AS (
  SELECT 'abc' as key, 1.0 AS price, CAST('2020-01-01 01:04:59 UTC' AS TIMESTAMP) AS ts
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'abc', 2.0, CAST('2020-01-01 01:05:00 UTC' AS TIMESTAMP)
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'abc', 3.0, CAST('2020-01-01 01:05:01 UTC' AS TIMESTAMP)
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'abc', 4.0, CAST('2020-01-01 01:09:01 UTC' AS TIMESTAMP)
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'abc', 5.0, CAST('2020-01-01 01:24:01 UTC' AS TIMESTAMP)
)
SELECT
  * EXCEPT(session_group),
  LAST_VALUE(session_group IGNORE NULLS)
    OVER (PARTITION BY key ORDER BY ts ASC) AS session_group
FROM (
  SELECT
    *,
    bqutil.fn.ts_session_group(
      ts,
      LAG(ts) OVER (PARTITION BY key ORDER BY ts ASC),
      300
    ) AS session_group
  FROM ticks
)

key	price	ts	sesssion_group
abc	1.0	2020-01-01 01:04:59 UTC	2020-01-01 01:04:59 UTC
abc	2.0	2020-01-01 01:05:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:04:59 UTC
abc	3.0	2020-01-01 01:05:01 UTC	2020-01-01 01:04:59 UTC
abc	4.0	2020-01-01 01:09:01 UTC	2020-01-01 01:04:59 UTC
abc	5.0	2020-01-01 01:24:01 UTC	2020-01-01 01:24:01 UTC

ts_slide(ts TIMESTAMP, period INT64, duration INT64)

Calculate the sliding windows the ts parameter belongs to.

-- show a 15 minute window every 5 minutes and a 15 minute window every 10 minutes
WITH ticks AS (
  SELECT 1.0 AS price, CAST('2020-01-01 01:04:59 UTC' AS TIMESTAMP) AS ts
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 2.0, CAST('2020-01-01 01:05:00 UTC' AS TIMESTAMP)
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 3.0, CAST('2020-01-01 01:05:01 UTC' AS TIMESTAMP)
)
SELECT
  price,
  ts,
  bqutil.fn.ts_slide(ts, 300, 900) as _5_15,
  bqutil.fn.ts_slide(ts, 600, 900) as _10_15,
FROM ticks

price	ts	_5_15.window_start	_5_15.window_end	_5_15.window_start	_5_15.window_end
1.0	2020-01-01 01:04:59 UTC	2020-01-01 00:50:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:05:00 UTC	2020-01-01 00:50:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:05:00 UTC
		2020-01-01 00:55:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:10:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:00:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:15:00 UTC
		2020-01-01 01:00:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:15:00 UTC
2.0	2020-01-01 01:05:00 UTC	2020-01-01 00:55:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:10:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:00:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:15:00 UTC
		2020-01-01 01:00:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:15:00 UTC
		2020-01-01 01:05:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:20:00 UTC
3.0	2020-01-01 01:05:01 UTC	2020-01-01 00:55:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:10:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:00:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:15:00 UTC
		2020-01-01 01:00:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:15:00 UTC
		2020-01-01 01:05:00 UTC	2020-01-01 01:20:00 UTC

ts_tumble(input_ts TIMESTAMP, tumble_seconds INT64)

Calculate the tumbling window the input_ts belongs in

SELECT
  fn.ts_tumble(TIMESTAMP '2020-01-01 00:17:30', 900) AS min_15,
  fn.ts_tumble(TIMESTAMP '2020-01-01 00:17:30', 600) AS min_10,
  fn.ts_tumble(TIMESTAMP '2020-01-01 00:17:30', 60) As min_1

min_15	min_10
2020-01-01 00:15:00 UTC	2020-01-01 00:10:00 UTC	2020-01-01 00:17:00 UTC

tuple_sketch_extract_avg(sketch BYTES)

Refer to datasketches/tuple-sketch for more details.

tuple_sketch_extract_count(sketch BYTES)

Refer to datasketches/tuple-sketch for more details.

tuple_sketch_extract_sum(sketch BYTES)

Refer to datasketches/tuple-sketch for more details.

tuple_sketch_extract_summary(sketch BYTES)

Refer to datasketches/tuple-sketch for more details.

tuple_sketch_int64(id_col INT64, value_col INT64, lg_k INT64)

Refer to datasketches/tuple-sketch for more details.

tuple_sketch_union(sketch BYTES, lg_k INT64)

Refer to datasketches/tuple-sketch for more details.

typeof(input ANY TYPE)

Return the type of input or 'UNKNOWN' if input is unknown typed value.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.typeof(""),
  bqutil.fn.typeof(b""),
  bqutil.fn.typeof(1.0),
  bqutil.fn.typeof(STRUCT()),

STRING, BINARY, FLOAT64, STRUCT

url_decode(text STRING, method STRING)

Return decoded string of inputs "text" in "method" function.

SELECT NULL as method, bqutil.fn.url_decode("https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2F%3Fid%3D%E3%81%82%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%88%E3%81%8A", NULL) as value
UNION ALL SELECT "decodeURIComponent" as method, bqutil.fn.url_encode("https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2F%3Fid%3D%E3%81%82%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%88%E3%81%8A", "decodeURIComponent") as value
UNION ALL SELECT "decodeURI" as method, bqutil.fn.url_decode("https://example.com/?id=%E3%81%82%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%88%E3%81%8A", "decodeURI") as value
UNION ALL SELECT "unescape" as method, bqutil.fn.url_decode("https%3A//example.com/%3Fid%3D%u3042%u3044%u3046%u3048%u304A", "unescape") as value

method	value
NULL	https://example.com/?id=あいうえお
decodeURIComponent	https://example.com/?id=あいうえお
decodeURI	https://example.com/?id=あいうえお
unescape	https://example.com/?id=あいうえお

url_encode(text STRING, method STRING)

Return encoded string of inputs "text" in "method" function.

SELECT NULL as method, bqutil.fn.url_encode("https://example.com/?id=あいうえお", NULL) as value
UNION ALL SELECT "encodeURIComponent" as method, bqutil.fn.url_encode("https://example.com/?id=あいうえお", "encodeURIComponent") as value
UNION ALL SELECT "encodeURI" as method, bqutil.fn.url_encode("https://example.com/?id=あいうえお", "encodeURI") as value
UNION ALL SELECT "escape" as method, bqutil.fn.url_encode("https://example.com/?id=あいうえお", "escape") as value

method	value
NULL	https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2F%3Fid%3D%E3%81%82%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%88%E3%81%8A
encodeURIComponent	https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2F%3Fid%3D%E3%81%82%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%88%E3%81%8A
encodeURI	https://example.com/?id=%E3%81%82%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%88%E3%81%8A
escape	https%3A//example.com/%3Fid%3D%u3042%u3044%u3046%u3048%u304A

url_keys(query STRING)

Get an array of url param keys.

SELECT bqutil.fn.url_keys(
  'https://www.google.com/search?q=bigquery+udf&client=chrome')

["q", "client"]

url_param(query STRING, p STRING)

Get the value of a url param key.

SELECT bqutil.fn.url_param(
  'https://www.google.com/search?q=bigquery+udf&client=chrome', 'client')

"chrome"

url_parse(urlString STRING, partToExtract STRING)

Returns the specified part from the URL. Valid values for partToExtract include HOST, PATH, QUERY, REF, PROTOCOL For example, url_parse('http://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1', 'HOST') returns 'facebook.com'.

WITH urls AS (
  SELECT 'http://facebook.com/path1/p.php?k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1' as url
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'rpc://facebook.com/' as url
)
SELECT bqutil.fn.url_parse(url, 'HOST'), bqutil.fn.url_parse(url, 'PATH'), bqutil.fn.url_parse(url, 'QUERY'), bqutil.fn.url_parse(url, 'REF'), bqutil.fn.url_parse(url, 'PROTOCOL') from urls

results:

f0_	f1_	f2_	f3_	f4_
facebook.com	path1/p.php	k1=v1&k2=v2#Ref1	Ref1	http
facebook.com	NULL	NULL	NULL	rpc

url_trim_query(url STRING, keys_to_trim ARRAY)

Returns a URL with specified keys removed from the URL's query component. The keys to be removed are provided as an ARRAY input argument.

SELECT bqutil.fn.url_trim_query(
  "https://www.example.com/index.html?goods_id=G1002&utm_id=ads&gclid=abc123",
  ["utm_id", "gclid"]
)
UNION ALL SELECT bqutil.fn.url_trim_query(
  "https://www.example.com/index.html?goods_id=G1002&utm_id=ads&gclid=abc123",
  ["utm_id", "gclid", "goods_id"]
)

results:

f0_
https://www.example.com/index.html?goods_id=G1002
https://www.example.com/index.html

week_of_month(date_expression ANY TYPE)

Returns the number of weeks from the beginning of the month to the specified date. The result is an INTEGER value between 1 and 5, representing the nth occurrence of the week in the month. The value 0 means the partial week.

SELECT
  bqutil.fn.week_of_month(DATE '2020-07-01'),
  bqutil.fn.week_of_month(DATE '2020-07-08');

0 1

y4md_to_date(y4md STRING)

Convert a STRING formatted as a YYYYMMDD to a DATE

SELECT bqutil.fn.y4md_to_date('20201220')

"2020-12-20"

zeronorm(x ANY TYPE, meanx FLOAT64, stddevx FLOAT64)

Normalize a variable so that it has zero mean and unit variance.

with r AS (
  SELECT 10 AS x
  UNION ALL SELECT 20
  UNION ALL SELECT 30
  UNION ALL SELECT 40
  UNION ALL SELECT 50
),
stats AS (
  SELECT AVG(x) AS meanx, STDDEV(x) AS stddevx
  FROM r
)
SELECT x, bqutil.fn.zeronorm(x, meanx, stddevx) AS zeronorm
FROM r, stats;

returns:

Row	x	zeronorm
1	10	-12.649110640673518
2	20	-6.324555320336759
3	30	0.0
4	40	6.324555320336759
5	50	12.649110640673518

StatsLib: Statistical UDFs

This section details the subset of community contributed user-defined functions that extend BigQuery and enable more specialized Statistical Analysis usage patterns. Each UDF detailed below will be automatically synchronized to the fn dataset within the bqutil project for reference in your queries.

For example, if you'd like to reference the int function within your query, you can reference it like the following:

SELECT bqutil.fn.int(1.684)

UDFs

• corr_pvalue
• kruskal_wallis
• linear_regression
• pvalue
• p_fisherexact
• mannwhitneyu
• t_test

Documentation

corr_pvalue(r FLOAT64, n INT64)

The returns the p value of the computed correlation coefficient based on the t-distribution. Input: r: correlation value. n: number of samples. Output: The p value of the correlation coefficient.

WITH test_cases AS (
    SELECT  0.9 AS r, 25 n
    UNION ALL
    SELECT -0.5, 40
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 1.0, 50
    UNION ALL
    SELECT -1.0, 50
)
SELECT bqutil.fn.corr_pvalue(r,n) AS p
FROM test_cases

results:

p
1.443229117741041E-9
0.0010423414457657223
0.0
0.0

---

kruskal_wallis(ARRAY(STRUCT(factor STRING, val FLOAT64))

Takes an array of struct where each struct (point) represents a measurement, with a group label and a measurement value

The Kruskal–Wallis test by ranks, Kruskal–Wallis H test (named after William Kruskal and W. Allen Wallis), or one-way ANOVA on ranks is a non-parametric method for testing whether samples originate from the same distribution. It is used for comparing two or more independent samples of equal or different sample sizes. It extends the Mann–Whitney U test, which is used for comparing only two groups. The parametric equivalent of the Kruskal–Wallis test is the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

• Input: array: struct <factor STRING, val FLOAT64>
• Output: struct<H FLOAT64, p-value FLOAT64, DOF FLOAT64>

DECLARE data ARRAY<STRUCT<factor STRING, val FLOAT64>>;

set data = [
('a',1.0),
('b',2.0),
('c',2.3),
('a',1.4),
('b',2.2),
('c',5.5),
('a',1.0),
('b',2.3),
('c',2.3),
('a',1.1),
('b',7.2),
('c',2.8)
];


SELECT `bqutil.fn.kruskal_wallis`(data) AS results;

results:

results.H	results.p	results.DoF
3.4230769	0.1805877	2

---

linear_regression(ARRAY(STRUCT(STRUCT(X FLOAT64, Y FLOAT64))

Takes an array of STRUCT X, Y and returns a, b, r where Y = a*X + b, and r is the "goodness of fit measure.

The Linear Regression, is a linear approach to modelling the relationship between a scalar response and one or more explanatory variables (also known as dependent and independent variables).

• Input: array: struct <X FLOAT64, Y FLOAT64>
• Output: struct<a FLOAT64,b FLOAT64, r FLOAT64>

DECLARE data ARRAY<STRUCT<X STRING, Y FLOAT64>>;
set data = [ (5.1,2.5), (5.0,2.0), (5.7,2.6), (6.0,2.2), (5.8,2.6), (5.5,2.3), (6.1,2.8), (5.5,2.5), (6.4,3.2), (5.6,3.0)];
SELECT `bqutils.fn.linear_regression`(data) AS results;

results:

results.a	results.b	results.r
-0.4353361094588436	0.5300416418798544	0.632366563565354

---

pvalue(H FLOAT64, dof FLOAT64)

Takes H and dof and returns p probability value.

The chisquare_cdf is NULL Hypothesis probability of the Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test. This is obtained to be the CDF of the chisquare with the H value and the Degrees of Freedom (dof) of the KW problem.

• Input: H FLOAT64, dof FLOAT64
• Output: p FLOAT64

SELECT `bqutils.fn.chisquare_cdf`(.3,2) AS results;

results:

results
0.8607079764250578

---

p_fisherexact(a FLOAT64, b FLOAT64, c FLOAT64, d FLOAT64)

Computes the p value of the Fisher exact test (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher%27s_exact_test), implemented in JavaScript.

• Input: a,b,c,d : values of 2x2 contingency table ([ [ a, b ] ;[ c , d ] ] (type FLOAT64).
• Output: The p value of the test (type: FLOAT64)

Example

WITH mydata as (
SELECT
    90.0        as a,
    27.0        as b,
    17.0        as c,
    50.0  as d
)
SELECT
    `bqutils.fn.p_fisherexact`(a,b,c,d) as pvalue
FROM
   mydata

Output:

pvalue
8.046828829103659E-12

---

mannwhitneyu(x ARRAY, y ARRAY, alt STRING)

Computes the U statistics and the p value of the Mann–Whitney U test (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mann%E2%80%93Whitney_U_test). This test is also called the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon (MWW), Wilcoxon rank-sum test, or Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test

• Input: x,y :arrays of samples, both should be one-dimensional (type: ARRAY ), alt: defines the alternative hypothesis, the following options are available: 'two-sided', 'less', and 'greater'.
• Output: structure of the type struct<U FLOAT64, p FLOAT64> where U is the statistic and p is the p value of the test.

Example

WITH mydata AS (
  SELECT
    [2, 4, 6, 2, 3, 7, 5, 1.] AS x,
    [8, 10, 11, 14, 20, 18, 19, 9. ] AS y
)
SELECT `bqutils.fn.mannwhitneyu`(y, x, 'two-sided') AS test
FROM mydata

Output:

test.U	test.p
0.0	9.391056991171487E-4

---

t_test(ARRAY,ARRAY)

Runs the Student's T-test. Well known test to compare populations. Example taken from here: Sample

Sample Query:

DECLARE pop1 ARRAY<FLOAT64>;
DECLARE pop2 ARRAY<FLOAT64>;

SET pop1 = [13.3,6.0,20.0,8.0,14.0,19.0,18.0,25.0,16.0,24.0,15.0,1.0,15.0];
SET pop2 = [22.0,16.0,21.7,21.0,30.0,26.0,12.0,23.2,28.0,23.0] ;

SELECT `bqutils.fn.t_test`(pop1, pop2) AS actual_result_rows;

Results:

Row	actual_result_rows.t_value	actual_result_rows.dof
1	2.8957935572829476	21

---

normal_cdf(x FLOAT64, mean FLOAT64, stdev FLOAT64)

Returns the value of x in the cdf of the Normal distribution with parameters mean and std (standard deviation).

Sample Query:

SELECT `bqutils.fn.normal_cdf`(1.1, 1.7, 2.0) as normal_cdf;

Results:

Row	normal_cdf
1	0.3820885778110474

---

studentt_cdf(x FLOAT64, dof FLOAT64)

Returns the value of x in the cdf of the Student's T distribution with dof degrees of freedom.

Sample Query:

SELECT `bqutils.fn.studentt_cdf`(1.0, 2.0) as studentt_cdf;

Results:

Row	studentt_cdf
1	0.788675134594813