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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@100;200;300;500;700;900&&family=Sono:wght@200;400;500;700;800&family=Noto+Serif+Display:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;0,800;0,900;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700;1,800;1,900&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<title>Art Cut</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style2.css"></link>
<!--favicon-->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="./img/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="./img/favicon/favicon-32x32.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="./img/favicon/favicon-16x16.png">
<link rel="manifest" href="./img/favicon/site.webmanifest">
<link rel="mask-icon" href="./img/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#000000">
<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#000000">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">
</head>
<body>
<div id="slider">
<video id="background-video" autoplay muted loop plays-inline>
<source src="./img/museumwalk.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>
<div class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide" class="slide">
<div id="first" class="slide-text">
<p>Have you ever wandered aimlessly through the halls and the rooms of a museum...</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide1"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide1" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>...and asked yourself why that Picasso is standing right in front of that Gaugin? </p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide2"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide2" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>Why Mirò next to Bosch?</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide3"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide3" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>Why an ancient statue of the Virgin Mary and a rare copy of the Koran?</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide4"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide4" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>Sometimes the association is driven by same style. <br/> Other times by same period, or same author, same iconography or provenance.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide5"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide5" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>Whatever the case, together they seem to make perfectly sense. All these individual pieces arranged to create harmony. <br/> Just like a collage.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide6"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide6" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>So, in a sense, those big collectors of pieces of art we call museums are, in turn, pieces of art themselves.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide7"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide7" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>The layered surfaces of collages can be torn to reveal parts of the image laying just below their surface... <br/> With often marvelous results. </p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide8"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide8" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>Same can happen to museums: you can study them upclose, peal off each of their levels and learn more about them to eventually discover what's hiding underneath.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-text">
<a href="#next-slide9"><div id="arrow"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="next-slide9" class="slide">
<div class="slide-text">
<p>
Let's do it. <br/>
Let's pick two you may already heard about, or even visited. <br/>
The Museum of Modern Art/MoMa (New York, USA) and the Tate Modern (London, UK).</p>
</div>
<a href="#section-intro"><div class="arrow2"></div></a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="container">
<section id="section-intro" class="fade-in">
<div id="intro-logo">
<img id="moma-left" src="./img/momaleft.png" />
<img id="big-scissor" src="./img/sc.png" />
<img id="tate-right" src="./img/tateright.png" />
</div>
</section>
<section id="section1" class="fade-in">
<div class="slide-in from-left"> <!-- Descrzione musei + counter visitatori -->
<p>The <b>Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)</b> – founded in <b>1929</b> – is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.</p>
<p>It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art and is often identified as one of the largest and most influential museums of modern art in the world.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p>In a network of four art galleries, <b>Tate</b> is an institution that houses the UK's national collection of British art, and international modern and contemporary art.</p>
<p>Since its foundation in <b>1897</b>, the complex has kept growing into one of the largest and most visited galleries in the world.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section-intro"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>0. INTRODUCTION</h3><a href="#section3"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section2" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec2a" class="fade-in">In 2021, their <b>annual visitors count</b> was:</p>
<p id="sec2b" class="slide-in from-left"><span data-purecounter-start="0" data-purecounter-end="1160686" class="purecounter pc1">0</span></p>
<p id="sec2c" class="slide-in from-right"><span data-purecounter-start="0" data-purecounter-end="1156037" class="purecounter pc2">0</span></p>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section-intro"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>0. INTRODUCTION</h3><a href="#section3"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section3" class="fade-in">
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>In the last century, the Moma's evolving <b>collection</b> has included an ever-expanding range of visual expression, <br/> for a total of</p>
<p><span data-purecounter-start="0" data-purecounter-end="140848" class="purecounter pc3">0</span> <br/> artworks</p>
<img id="sec3a" src="./img/moma.png" />
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p>When Tate first opened its doors to the public it had just one site, displaying a small <b>collection</b> of British artworks,<br/> for a total of</p>
<p><span data-purecounter-start="0" data-purecounter-end="69201" class="purecounter pc4">0</span> <br/> artworks</p>
<img id="sec3b" src="./img/tate.png"/>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section1"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>1. ARTWORKS</h3><a href="#section7"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section4" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec4a" class="fade-in">When do artworks date back?</p>
<div class="slide-in from-right"><img id="sec4b" src="./img/data1bis.png"/></div>
<div class="slide-in from-left"><img id="sec4c" src="./img/data2.png"/></div>
<div class="slide-in from-left"><img id="sec4d" src="./img/uk.png"/></div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section1"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>1. ARTWORKS</h3><a href="#section7"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section5" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec5a" class="fade-in">...And when were they <b>acquired</b>?</p>
<div class="slide-in from-right"><img id="sec5b" src="./img/data3.png"/></div>
<div class="slide-in from-right"><img id="sec5c" src="./img/usa.png"/></div>
<div class="slide-in from-left"><img id="sec5d" src="./img/data4.png"/></div>
<p id="sec5e" class="fade-in">*2013 is the last year available about data acquisitions' information.</p>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section1"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>1. ARTWORKS</h3><a href="#section7"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section6" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec6a" class="fade-in">Which historical time periods are represented at the Museums? </p>
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<div class="viz">
<script id="infogram_0_8f64d571-ab1e-4071-a830-2d9750d8aaff" title="total centuries MOMA" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?A8w" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<div class="viz">
<script id="infogram_0_37657512-8602-4f4a-82bb-0ee1206b9f9a" title="total centuries TATE" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?2TC" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section1"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>1. ARTWORKS</h3><a href="#section7"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section7" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec7a" class="fade-in">What about the <b>artists?</b> <br/> How many are they?</p>
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p><span data-purecounter-start="0" data-purecounter-end="15243" class="purecounter pc5">0</span></p>
<img id="sec7b" src="./img/salvator.png" />
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p><span data-purecounter-start="0" data-purecounter-end="3532" class="purecounter pc6">0</span></p>
<img id="sec7c" src="./img/vincent.png" />
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section3"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>2. ARTISTS</h3><a href="#section11"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section8" class="fade-in">
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>But who are they?</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p>Let's learn more about the <b>gender reprsentation</b>.</p>
</div>
<div class="fade-in">
<p>For both museums, the gender composition is heavily <b>unbalance</b> towards male presence.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section3"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>2. ARTISTS</h3><a href="#section11"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section9" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec9a" class="fade-in">Focus: the most represented female artists</p>
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<script id="infogram_0_db13aa67-3a72-4d2b-aba1-fe3739cf8110" title="wordcloud MoMA" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?OM5" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<script id="infogram_0_75c9533c-d9c2-4b61-8248-c079a941b327" title="wordcloud Tate" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?kU7" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section3"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>2. ARTISTS</h3><a href="#section11"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section10" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec10a" class="fade-in">Where do artists come from?</p>
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<div id="map_moma"></div>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p></p>
<div id="chartdiv"></div>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section3"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>2. ARTISTS</h3><a href="#section11"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section11" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec11a" class="fade-in">Now that we have a general overview of what is inside our useums' collections, <br/> we can delve into <b>acquisition criteria over time</b>.</p>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section7"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3. COMBIINE</h3><a href="#section12"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section12" class="fade-in">
<p id="sec12a" class="fade-in">In which years are artists' works mostly acquired?</p>
<div id="sec12b" class="slide-in from-left">
<p>Tate acquired <b>37,984</b> in <b>1856</b>, by far the most they have ever acquired in any single year — <b>37,711</b> of these works comprise a massive donation of <i>J.M.W. Turner</i> artworks.</p></div>
<div class="viz2"><script id="infogram_0_e2d57e33-a488-428d-93bb-010a0f728971" title="acquisition per year Tate" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?Yp2" type="text/javascript"></script></div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<div class="viz2">
<script id="infogram_0_23fddace-4f38-460b-a060-dc05b01cb2fa" title="trend acquisition TATE" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?C3j" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<p>In the <b>60s</b>, we assist to a jump in the acquisitions number: from less than one thousands in the previous decade, to nearly six thousands and a half.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section10"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.1 ACQUISITION CRITERIA</h3><a href="#section14"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section13" class="fade-in">
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>As for the MoMA, the <b>60s</b> witness a boost in the acquisitions’ number: from little more than 6 thousand artworks in the 50s, to nearly 40 thousands. </p>
<div class="viz2">
<script id="infogram_0_eed2fbca-2fdb-4989-84c9-49fedbb6e90f" title="acquisition per year MoMA" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?kuM" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<div class="viz2">
<script id="infogram_0_00a61def-5da2-4979-8b76-e7c9cfd2546c" title="trend acquisition MoMA" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?7CE" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<p><b>1964</b> is indeed the year with the greates number of acquisitions: <b>12828</b> in only one year.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section10"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.1 ACQUISITION CRITERIA</h3><a href="#section14"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section14" class="fade-in">
<div id="sec14b" class="fade-in">
<p>We have already accounted for the total number of male and female artists.<br/> Let us now anlyse the <b>gender of acquired artists in time</b>. In this way, we will try to investigate in which ways the the gender gap changes, if it does.</p>
<p>For both museums, the gender composition is heavily <b>unbalance</b> towards male presence: the average percentage of male artists is of around 86% for both Museums (MoMA: 86%, Tate: 85.5%), with female contribution only reaching the 14%.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section12"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.2 GENDER GAP</h3><a href="#section17"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section15" class="fade-in">
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>Throughout the timespan under examination, the lowest and highest percentage of female presence are 7% (1930s) and 23% (1990s) respectively for MoMA, and 8% (1960s) and 27% (2010s) for Tate. </p>
<script id="infogram_0_81b95397-f6bc-481f-b088-30acb254f346" title="% gender acquired per year MOMA" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?K53" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p>The average percent growth is of 1,71% for MoMA and of 1,14% for Tate. The trend is positive, thus, but still only weakly positive.</p>
<script id="infogram_0_8fecbd06-aede-49fe-8727-1b31135bc5ae" title="% gender acquired per year TATE" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?87a" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section12"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.2 GENDER GAP</h3><a href="#section17"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section16" class="fade-in">
<div id="sec14b" class="fade-in">
<p>For both museums, the <b>female artists</b> presence fluctuates during throughout last century’s years, showing a mild and inconstant increase in its last decades.</p>
<p>However, the <b>new millennium</b> seems to bring slight improvements when it comes to representing women in arts.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section12"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.2 GENDER GAP</h3><a href="#section17"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section17" class="fade-in">
<div id="sec17a" class="fade-in">
<p>We now considers artists’ nationalities throughout the years: in which proportion is each continent represented?</p>
<p>Does acquisition campaigns show different tendencies and patterns throughout the years, when it comes to the artists' nationality?</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section14"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.3 NATIONALITY</h3><a href="#section20"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section18" class="fade-in"> <!--Moma-->
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>In the 30s, when the museum opened to the public, the MoMA collection almost evenly included European and North American artworks. </p>
<p>Although their presence remains predominant all over the years, slowly but steadily other continents make their appearance in the collection.</p>
<p>The inter-continental openness at MoMA keeps steady up untill the 90s: in the 2010s, the Museum’s acquisitions include an unprecedented proportion of African artworks, until then almost excluded.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<script id="infogram_0_70f95d9f-8ac0-4d23-bea8-1f0377589f77" title="acquired nationalities moma" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?E5b" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section14"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.3 NATIONALITY</h3><a href="#section20"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section19" class="fade-in"> <!--Tate-->
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>Originally, the museum documented mainly modern British art, from the Victorian age. Later, the collection was expanded to include foreign and contemporary art.</p>
<p>As we can see, since the mid-1900s, the Tate's acquisition policy widened, opening to asian, african and south american contribution: still, Europe and the U.S. occupy the dominant position by far.</p>
<p>It is only with the 2010s that other continents decidedly mark their presence in the collection.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<script id="infogram_0_93115e8b-215a-4c4d-848a-f1abd3d79cd4" title="nationalities acquired stacked per yearTATE" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?VKH" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section14"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.3 NATIONALITY</h3><a href="#section20"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section19bis" class="fade-in"> <!--Conclusions-->
<div id="sec14b" class="fade-in">
<p>Although MoMA’s collection shows an overall greater international openness when it comes to artworks’ acquisition, the trend is similar in both Museums: ever since the mid-1900s, inter-continental art presence grows and keeps steady.</p>
<p>The beginning of the new millennium marks a step forward when it comes to worldwide inclusiveness, with African art finally attaining a more significant place in the Museums’ artworks acquisitions.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section14"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.3 NATIONALITY</h3><a href="#section20"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section20" class="fade-in">
<div id="sec17a" class="fade-in">
<p>What historical periods are included in the collections? Do different decades show different interests, when it comes to artworks’ dating?
</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section17"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.4 CENTURIES</h3><a href="#conclusion1"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section21" class="fade-in">
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<script id="infogram_0_1fee7321-23da-4a06-b683-6c715429ec0d" title="centuries acquired per year MOMA" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?1lj" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p>MoMA collection embraces works from the 18th to the 21st century. Nonetheless, the museum’s undisputed protagonist is the 20th century, which dominates aquisition all throughout the decades, while, the 18th century is porly represented.</p>
<p>The contemporary vocation of the Museum is confirmed by the growing presence of the new millennium at its very beginning.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section17"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.4 CENTURIES</h3><a href="#conclusion1"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section22">
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>Tate shows more variety in the artistic periods featured in the collection: 16th century artworks are steadily acquired in nearly every decade, while the 17th century art presence grows in the 50s and 60s.</p>
<p>Differently from the MoMA, early 1900s acquisitions mainly concern 19th century works. Subsequently, thanks to the progressive openness of the museum towards contemporary art, we witness a gradual growth of interest towards the 20th century.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<script id="infogram_0_2e1712f1-7073-4903-929b-58d6a798f9ab" title="centuries acquired per year TATE" src="https://e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed.js?IhD" type="text/javascript"></script>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section17"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.4 CENTURIES</h3><a href="#conclusion1"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="section23">
<div id="sec17a" class="fade-in">
<p>Both museums obviously show in the new millennium a step towards the inclusion of 21th century artworks.</p>
</div>
<div class="n-section"><a href="#section17"><div class="arrow3"></div></a><h3>3.4 CENTURIES</h3><a href="#conclusion1"><div class="arrow4"></div></a></div>
</section>
<section id="conclusion1">
<p>It is said that life imitates art.<p>
<p>And art, life.</p>
<p>Art institutions, too. </p>
<a href="#conclusion2"><div class="arrow2"></div></a>
</section>
<section id="conclusion2">
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>No wonder, then, that female representativeness our Museums’ collection does not even reach the 30%.</p>
<p>Or that African contemporary art only shyly makes it appearance among the wide and extablished tradition of European and North American artists, in our millennium.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p>A closer look at the acquisition trends over the years, though, opens up a more in depth perspective on what is actually happening in the inscrutable world of art.</p>
</div>
<a href="#conclusion3"><div class="arrow2"></div></a>
</section>
<section id="conclusion3">
<div class="slide-in from-left">
<p>The new millennium paves new ways.</p>
<p>Unprecedently does it unlock museums’ doors to the categories which have traditionally been excluded for the world of Western art.</p>
<p>Slowly (too slowly) women and racialized groups come in, find a representation, share their capability to express and communicate.</p>
</div>
<div class="slide-in from-right">
<p>Art give us back the picture of our time and society, mirroring their beauty and horrors, their recursive patterns and languishing nostalgia. But also their hopes for the future, a better one, their struggles and changes towards it.</p>
</div>
</section>
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