Add learning rate scheduling support for DeepSpeedStrategy

[amorehead]

What does this PR do?

• Adds learning rate scheduling support for DeepSpeedStrategy
• Credit to lvhoaa for suggesting this change to make Fabric's support for internal DeepSpeed features even more robust

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://pytorch-lightning--20320.org.readthedocs.build/en/20320/

[lantiga]

Thanks for the contribution @amorehead! Let's get to a green CI and take it from there

[lantiga]

hey @amorehead looks like CI failures are legit, let me know if you can fix those